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The latter group has decomposition \\(\\mathbb Z \\oplus \\mathrm{NS} \\oplus \\mathbb Z\\), so the Mukai vector can be written \\(\\mathbf{v} = (r,\\xi,a)\\). The authors study under what conditions the moduli space \\(M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\) satisfies the \\textit{weak Brill-Noether property}, meaning that there exists a sheaf \\(E \\in M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\) that has at most one nonzero cohomology group. A theorem of \\textit{G\u00f6ttsche and Hirschowitz} says that the general stable bundle on \\(\\mathbb P^2\\) satisfies the weak Brill-Noether property [\\textit{L. G\u00f6ttsche} and \\textit{A. Hirschowitz}, Lect. Notes Pure Appl. Math. 200, 63--74 (1998; Zbl 0937.14010)].\\N\\NLetting \\((X, H)\\) be a polarized abelian surface and \\(\\mathbf{v} = (r, \\xi, a)\\) a Mukai vector with \\(\\mathbf{v}^2 \\geq 0, r> 0\\) and \\(\\xi \\cdot H > 0\\). The main theorem says that (1) if \\(\\rho (X) = 1\\), then \\(M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\) satisfies the weak Brill-Noether property and (2) if \\(\\rho (X) = 2\\) and \\(-d (\\mathrm{NS} (X))\\) is a square (\\(d (\\mathrm{NS} (X))\\) is the discriminant of the N\u00e9ron-Severi lattice), then the weak Brill-Noether property holds for \\(M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\). Conversely, if \\(\\rho (X) \\geq 3\\) or if \\(\\rho (X) = 2\\) and \\(-d (\\mathrm{NS} (X))\\) is not a square, then there are infinitely many Mukai vectors \\(\\mathbf{v}\\) with \\(\\mathbf{v}^2 = 0\\) and \\(r > 0\\) such that for some \\(H\\) with \\(\\xi \\cdot H > 0\\), the moduli space \\(M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\) fails the weak Brill-Noether property.\\NThe proof uses Fourier-Mukai transforms and Bridgeland stability. The case \\(\\rho (X) = 1\\) was proved earlier by\\N\\textit{K. Yoshioka} using different methods [Compos. Math. 145, No. 1, 112--142 (2009; Zbl 1165.14033)]. In general, the authors show that when weak Brill-Noether fails for \\(M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\), then \\(\\mathbf{v}\\) admits an isotropic decomposition.\\N\\NAs an application, it is shown that if \\(X\\) has an ample polarization \\(H\\) and \\(E\\) is an Ulrich bundle of rank \\(r \\geq 2\\),\\Nmeaning that \\(H^* (X, E(-pH))=0\\) for \\(1 \\leq p \\leq 2\\), then the Mukai vector has form\\N\\(\\mathbf{v} = (r, \\xi, 0) e^H\\) with \\(2 \\xi \\cdot H = r H^2, \\xi^2 \\geq 0\\). Conversely, if \\(\\mathbf{}\\) satisfies these conditions, and \\((r, \\xi, 0)\\) does not admit an isotropic decomposition, then the general bundle \\(E \\in M_{X,H} (\\mathbf{v})\\) is an Ulrich bundle with respect to \\(H\\). This recovers a result of \\textit{A. Beauville} [Proc. Am. Math. 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