{"entities":{"Q6979167":{"pageid":21378045,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6979167","lastrevid":84030548,"modified":"2026-05-08T08:23:28Z","type":"item","id":"Q6979167","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Tiny non-Leighton complexes"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8045520"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$6C0E0697-669E-4A0C-9658-B511AA2272D0","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5f785aa2fbd1ef01c29ff233fb6e946e00971c57","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Tiny non-Leighton complexes","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$AA7502FB-0423-448C-8CCC-BC3F4EFE3C6E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"dcb8af4d1f2608641da01a9b6afb4a39303df64d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10711-025-01005-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$5CAA67FC-7EBB-4348-BA43-189161F97303","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2684dc8329fd6ec76fb5f2f6a3cfd21a30dafaac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5877294,"id":"Q5877294"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$031CDCD9-FB5E-4417-A714-17B60EF1B7EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"251912c3d33b0d3dba2f05ae36ab17e0802a2e2a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":392819,"id":"Q392819"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$01D3D7E6-59A1-4EDF-8B8D-14CF2F096AA4","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7b27d55f344dc6bfd48e3ff9582c04d67175a8a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181320,"id":"Q181320"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$513052DD-1A4D-491B-884B-86329DE8917C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"89c6ef824894ecd8ca1a4a8bead8f2e704f9553f","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$D204390F-1E9A-4EF7-8836-540F5E48BD79","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e4922355d14f67209790982e76f04e862dd6389e","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{F. T. Leighton}'s Theorem [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. B 33, 231--238 (1982; Zbl 0488.05033)] says that two finite 1-dimensional CW complexes, e.g. graphs, which have a common covering must have a common finite sheeted covering. It is reasonable to ask if the analogous theorem holds for two finite CW complexes of dimension \\(n \\geq 2\\) and, when it is false for a particular \\(n\\), how complicated the two \\(n\\)-complexes which provide a counterexample must be. This question motivates a definition. A pair of \\(n\\)-dimensional spaces \\((K_1,K_2)\\) are a \\textit{non-Leighton pair} if they have a common infinite sheeted cover but no common finite sheeted cover.\\N\\NOne measure of the complexity of a 2-complex is the number of 2-cells it contains. \\textit{D. T. Wise} shows [Comment. Math. Helv. 82, No. 4, 683--724 (2007; Zbl 1142.20025)] that there are non-Leighton pairs in dimension 2 with as few as six 2-cells in each. The authors show [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 174, No. 2, 385--391 (2023; Zbl 1529.57007)] that there are 2-dimensional non-Leighton pairs \\((K_1,K_2)\\) in which both \\(K_1\\) and \\(K_2\\) have CW structures with exactly two 2-cells in them. In the paper currently under review the authors continue their investigations of the existence of non-Leighton pairs of 2-complexes which contain only two 2-cells in the context of other measures of their complexity.\\N\\NThe \\textit{(pseudo-simplicial) complexity} of a 2-complex \\(K\\) is the number of triangles in a \\textit{pseudo simplicial triangulation} of \\(K\\), that is, a triangulation of \\(K\\) in which pairs of triangles can share several edges and vertices. The authors show there is a non-Leighton pair of 2-complexes each of complexity five. Specifically, they show\\N\\N\\textbf{Main Theorem.}  The complexity five complexes of the presentations \\N\\[\\N H_{\\epsilon} \\langle a,b,c : c^{-1}ac=a^{\\epsilon},d^{-1}cd= c^2 \\rangle, \\ \\ \\epsilon \\in \\{\\pm 1\\}, \\N\\] \\Ncontaining two 2-cells each have a common covering, but no finite common covering.\\N\\NNote that the two groups used in the theorem are amalgamated products of the solvable Baumslag-Solitar group \\(BS(1,2) = \\langle c,d: d^{-1}cd=c^2 \\rangle\\) with either the fundamental group of the torus or that of the Klein bottle. The authors point out that this is somewhat surprising. Their earlier paper uses a non-residually finite Baumslag-Solitar group in its constructions.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$09B06DA7-6C2B-4B75-AEFD-57C47C247F9D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"1e7434fe436c1399dc78202281af9c4521db9ad7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171189,"id":"Q171189"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$8E24C94A-D211-4AE7-B0E8-BDA21BDBAC94","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4f46eaa8986bc0e421c797402e0b7f26c57ee07b","datavalue":{"value":"57K20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$2470D8DC-1ABD-4508-B25A-8090F5D198AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1722e8eaf8d0b6e989e3d4620a85df21f8eb2337","datavalue":{"value":"55U10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$B89CBADF-2153-4038-AA8C-0DE3B7535486","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e669b60521e14398c1f2263792cea32c3a9da254","datavalue":{"value":"05E45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$B2ACB451-ADC1-41CD-AD68-1BA6A5DD4BC6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5608e4dbe85e8f6c220cc8afcea2a4ada066e3fa","datavalue":{"value":"20F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$8609BA55-F788-407C-8AEC-70411B5DC686","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0761be85482bc1d816b0c83be4283036f1aec8fc","datavalue":{"value":"57Q15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$5FCE3E69-8861-4886-B00A-E4E541E147D7","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"93126b471a7371b960769dc96defb0a5e3090263","datavalue":{"value":"8045520","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$2BDAADE0-4EE9-42F6-998C-7271753F4D0E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"546f75039f9e5e9130a6133f82ee7b9b25b1506a","datavalue":{"value":"CW-complexes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$405DE204-38D2-4AB9-979D-9DEA9C238475","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"37ca513d79a42851dc819987381fef83d86117ab","datavalue":{"value":"coverings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$1520267B-7BB4-4BF3-BED7-2286EFD595CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bb6b6c9ba766f3e46ecb1fa9cfdd44c486c2a72d","datavalue":{"value":"Leighton's theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$E4C05F8A-A380-471F-A2E2-22C6B5BA985C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0dd102ffd1d7fa8867b9b7cba996a8fc147ee16b","datavalue":{"value":"Baumslag-Solitar groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$5E6D71CF-1E34-4D8B-9DB4-83276E9A1374","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$6C4EA8BB-C9B8-4C4F-914B-0B83E7D90566","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"068ec1a098fd033593a7e390271c3328cf9c1e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3360898,"id":"Q3360898"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$015EA09B-C8C1-44B9-97F9-F81D41BF2DA0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c6cb291fe323080d7907f96a77f8ccd7282e81d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2163650,"id":"Q2163650"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$68BAC3A0-5E4F-4461-B727-3485748042D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4e33ccb7aba77cd46a252289eb27ff4f7c1af21","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5877295,"id":"Q5877295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$DB2A682A-A0D6-48DC-BBF2-3BD92801AF9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"673b8023ae4b46deb4477f8e1bb732687011092a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6369986,"id":"Q6369986"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$6F948087-62D9-4060-852B-B98C9D95EB3E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4d7d49acff486a28dc1b1caef405cb8dc3047aa7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1035324,"id":"Q1035324"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$AF8669FB-DC6D-4A9F-AED7-66F74EAD4D29","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"96ba95ea0746322b34bb5cb221b9b3330171e217","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":538630,"id":"Q538630"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$4AF38B84-4ACE-4371-8B1E-4F86A281780C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6b780942cdabb9cd75b529f91e5633d9bfd38699","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1165857,"id":"Q1165857"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$B54177D2-BEBA-4803-A7B0-A1E2D97BD52F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a17792efb4813fd3da9b1827dd679ddcfa0ecebb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":531922,"id":"Q531922"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$CDAC901C-E924-4EF0-8632-9ED26037CDB1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f232d4bd48e3881f7a78a51a2428fb09d7440c23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2468432,"id":"Q2468432"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$79301FE1-51E7-4A4D-A16F-B30408E0CE83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f7b961cb4e68d0f8355093e7b13957690e72ac0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4958700,"id":"Q4958700"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6979167$AF1799BE-12FE-40E9-91A7-52E905DE5198","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Tiny non-Leighton complexes","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Tiny_non-Leighton_complexes"}}}}}