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Both the finite-dimensional and the countable-dimensional cases are treated, and all possible algebraic types are explicitly identified.\\N\\NA key result is that any commutative algebra \\(A\\) with \\(\\dim(A^2) = 1\\) admits a decomposition\\N\\[ \\NA \\cong \\Omega \\times V,\\N\\] \\Nwhere \\(\\Omega = \\operatorname{Ann}(A)\\) and \\(V\\) is a nondegenerate inner product space. The multiplication is given by\\N\\[ \\N(z_{1},v_{1})(z_{2},v_{2}) = \\langle v_{1},v_{2} \\rangle (a_{0},a_{1}),\\N\\] \\Nfor a fixed pair \\((a_{0},a_{1})\\), thereby parametrizing all such algebras by quadruples \\((\\Omega, V, a_{0}, a_{1})\\).\\N\\NTheorem~3.9 shows that every finite-dimensional commutative algebra with \\(\\dim(A^{2}) = 1\\) lies in exactly one of the following classes:\\N\\begin{itemize}\\N\\item[1.] associative and nilpotent of index \\(3\\);\\N\\item[2.] an evolution algebra;\\N\\item[3.] in characteristic \\(2\\), an algebra whose associated inner product space \\(V\\) is an orthogonal sum of hyperbolic planes.\\N\\end{itemize}\\NIf, in addition, \\(\\operatorname{Ann}(A)=0\\), then only two possibilities remain:\\N\\begin{itemize}\\N\\item[1.] \\(A\\) is an evolution algebra with some element \\(x\\) satisfying \\(x^{2}\\neq 0\\); or\\N\\item[2.] every element satisfies \\(x^{2}=0\\), in which case \\(A \\cong A_{n}(K)\\) (characteristic \\(2\\)).\\N\\end{itemize}\\N\\NSection~4 addresses the isomorphism problem for evolution algebras \\(A\\) with \\(\\dim(A^{2}) = 1\\). If \\((A^{2})^{2} \\neq 0\\), then the algebra is fully determined by its canonical inner product and by the unique idempotent \\(e\\). If \\((A^{2})^{2} = 0\\), then \\(A\\) is completely determined by \\(\\dim(\\operatorname{Ann}(A))\\) together with the isometry class of a certain pointed subspace complementary to 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