{"entities":{"Q6985499":{"pageid":21416013,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6985499","lastrevid":84018596,"modified":"2026-05-08T01:35:51Z","type":"item","id":"Q6985499","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"An embedding theorem for multidimensional subshifts"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8038539"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$D0F4B359-9616-459A-9077-59CB408136F9","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"eb9eda0ac1421edd0a45bf029b75bd970a2ce11b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"An embedding theorem for multidimensional subshifts","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$2A0E4F17-403D-469F-943F-ED7CB4F716EA","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"62250f28e8c3ff2b531b5c12f0c97223587ff33c","datavalue":{"value":"10.1017/ETDS.2024.117","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$09920AF2-9604-4BBE-817E-1CE58E884915","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c7c32b73a3c4e6a600beedc36128da5f26c42474","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":378797,"id":"Q378797"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$9C29A5B2-9B28-4159-813E-1D16D336F0E3","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6ee128f44ab6649bf8f88b399c729fa445b5433e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2709586,"id":"Q2709586"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F656DD6C-6F4D-4382-9CA6-B03C351F8573","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"75bcc84581886ac0c653fde89e1183c2f9e23c04","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$CD03EFCE-1F37-41DC-8D82-F2B29C9425C3","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"3091b7a8fe8d741f726e3a15dcc470f193bb32ac","datavalue":{"value":"Krieger's embedding theorem provides necessary and sufficient conditions for an arbitrary subshift to embed in a given topologically mixing \\(\\mathbb{Z}\\)-subshift of finite type. It is natural to seek a multidimensional version. \\textit{S. J. Lightwood} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 23, No. 2, 587--609 (2003; Zbl 1031.37017); Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 24, No. 4, 1227--1260 (2004; Zbl 1069.37011)] characterized the aperiodic \\(\\mathbb{Z}^d\\)-subshifts that can embed in a certain class of \\(\\mathbb{Z}^d\\)-subshifts of finite type.\\N\\NIn this paper, the author provides a new embedding theorem for a class of subshifts of finite type over any countable abelian group. The main result of this paper is as follows:\\N\\NTheorem. Let \\(\\Gamma\\) be a countable abelian group and let \\(X,Y\\) be \\(\\Gamma\\)-subshifts. Suppose that \\(Y\\) has the map extension property. Let \\(Z\\subset X\\) be a (possibly empty) \\(\\Gamma\\)-subshift contained in \\(X\\) and let \\(\\hat{\\rho}\\colon Z\\to X\\) be an embedding. Then, \\(\\hat{\\rho}\\) extends to an embedding \\(\\rho\\colon X\\to Y\\) if and only if for every subgroup \\(\\Gamma_0\\leq \\Gamma\\), one of the following conditions holds:\\N\\begin{itemize}\\N\\item[1.] \\(\\hat{\\rho}|_{Z_{\\Gamma_0}}\\colon Z_{\\Gamma_0}\\to Y_{\\Gamma_0}\\) extends to an isomorphism \\(\\rho_{\\Gamma_0}\\colon X_{\\Gamma_0}\\to Y_{\\Gamma_0}\\);\\N\\item[2.] \\(h_{top}(\\overline{X}_{\\Gamma_0})< h_{\\mathrm{top}}(\\overline{Y}_{\\Gamma_0})\\) and \\(\\mathrm{Ker}(Y_{\\Gamma_0})\\leq \\mathrm{Ker}(X_{\\Gamma_0})\\).\\N\\end{itemize}\\N\\NThis result gives a full characterization of the subsystems of the multidimensional full shift \\(Y=\\{0,1\\}^{\\mathbb{Z}^d}\\). For the particular case of \\(\\mathbb{Z}\\)-subshifts and \\(Z=\\emptyset\\), this result coincides with Krieger's embedding theorem. The key point is the map extension property, which is first introducted explicitly in this paper, though it was introduced implicitly by \\textit{M. Boyle} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 3, 541--557 (1983; Zbl 0529.28014)] for \\(\\mathbb{Z}\\)-subshifts and is closely related to the notion of an absolute retract, introduced by \\textit{K. Borsuk} [Fundam. Math. 17, 152--170 (1931; Zbl 0003.02701)]. Note that a \\(\\mathbb{Z}\\)-subshift has the map extension property if and only if it is a topologically mixing subshift of finite type. The author also showed various natural examples of \\(\\mathbb{Z}^d\\) subshifts of finite type satisfy the map extension property, and hence the main theorem applies for them.\\N\\NThe author also establishes a new theorem regarding lower entropy factors of multidimensional subshifts as follows, which extends Boyle's lower entropy factor theorem from the one-dimensional case.\\N\\NTheorem. Let \\(X\\) be a block gluing \\(\\mathbb{Z}^d\\)-subshift and let \\(Y\\) be a \\(\\mathbb{Z}^d\\)-subshift with the map extension property such that \\(h_{\\mathrm{top}}(X)>h_{\\mathrm{top}}(Y)\\). Then there exists a factor map from \\(X\\) to \\(Y\\) if and only if for every \\(x\\in X\\) there exists \\(y\\in Y\\) such that the stabilizer \\(\\mathrm{stab}(x)\\) of \\(x\\) is a subgroup of the the stabilizer \\(\\mathrm{stab}(x)\\) of \\(y\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$8C9E4E40-7021-4427-987D-33DC4671F8E7","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"9be0d9bf3b2acc422453056629d33323ccae224f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":256409,"id":"Q256409"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F61797A9-955A-4AE4-9D77-5B1E8AFD2594","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b559307b5b2969939e6945d65ee127220f8f6f4b","datavalue":{"value":"37B10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$8F29FF2C-38CD-464C-961D-1748A5A94070","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"34c9981031b4050d34fd5486f5e15e98964980d3","datavalue":{"value":"37B51","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$BA6BCEA3-1580-4458-843B-3E6D4A025A80","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1714136505949107cd3083722ae413b3d7176426","datavalue":{"value":"37B40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$5B5FAE13-FBCF-4660-B62E-11620FA66140","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5336b24fe138b48b8bb6a2543a22c5d5bf316e72","datavalue":{"value":"8038539","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$2D38D225-434E-4B24-9679-C4A294C9786F","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$7622867E-8E43-4BF8-B748-0358DA659733","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"88c4e49dd31e9fa47885b3ff40457f2726951021","datavalue":{"value":"multidimensional subshifts","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$98675E83-BC2E-481A-A8C1-16EF36AFB1A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"15269147504ed88595720a6eb611379c7ac45c42","datavalue":{"value":"SFT","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$124768A5-BA39-4EED-B4AB-F4F5C18455C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9fc27f13195d7d8cb048669ac88dc081dcb2f69c","datavalue":{"value":"symbolic dynamics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$08BB9C76-778A-4B90-AE64-ECA596295FA8","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F597C1DF-7BCB-4123-A74E-3D48330D57DB","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"282089a4eaa78fe2bf43f23d1137ff6e75b630b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4993128,"id":"Q4993128"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$A5AB6607-1B03-4C74-AADA-215C6500A9F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fe2e736a4ba5ac09c518022a3271c1f6e7c640c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1856419,"id":"Q1856419"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$FCC181ED-A9A6-4DF5-B7EB-3129A4A3E4F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4347a68d50d911b4c6b616249eb48cff3fbda12","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6106051,"id":"Q6106051"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$86944A5C-24BA-49FF-8132-182AEFE6FE0C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3ac1e8dba68ce3ca589c135a5c8c2f0a5ccea5c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":7028425,"id":"Q7028425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$208F1898-1CC8-4586-BFB0-DD99BF227634","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f2b4d713983d8780a39cb8167356f40435705272","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":574258,"id":"Q574258"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$9F7247FD-FBA9-46AD-AF38-40EC9DF3CDCE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fb33f7e94a1e3eddff39fa5bcb5aea9d723e2eb1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3310865,"id":"Q3310865"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$0542F855-3DBE-4969-A4EF-FF5C91DFEAAA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a747ba0f27fb5d18f3d78aade15bd06450dcbdf2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4930014,"id":"Q4930014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$4E722F2C-D423-4E04-B49D-B5AA81491166","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"13ec75efe915348fdc07058f2990837522f8d7d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3176216,"id":"Q3176216"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$0367B2F0-9428-4C0E-9FB7-FC33A2F64E68","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"358b11d337dd45ff18a92c549885bea4e9ca60d3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4691333,"id":"Q4691333"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$4188420D-CF64-434E-82FF-4DBAE808992E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f262909b58cce0419d40aa11a75d215bb519079f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5012708,"id":"Q5012708"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$C6EAFC53-FAB7-4388-87CC-E49E83BB799F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dac70dcedf3910d21ddb66c4d3d6324c6f79fb1a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":855785,"id":"Q855785"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F7CAA1A5-D034-4D10-B0D0-A2BF968335D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ebb33ab717da9922a24a60f00e2062b7849ffa8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2827676,"id":"Q2827676"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F0390628-2377-474D-B6B2-2C6AE56AA290","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"95aa56a744b5be6264ef194220b25fb01108da8e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2516382,"id":"Q2516382"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$D4B9A740-FBDC-4526-82EA-69FBA36EFB59","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"801c32d5f20750664dd840ebfb8dceb4dc2c4b12","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":311140,"id":"Q311140"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$E261334E-67CC-4FEB-AFD5-7D93BA231EAF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4a1819ba1c3f31e26642b46167490336b70e4655","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3569988,"id":"Q3569988"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$3B494C84-AA6A-4E14-82C8-08B4EF1EBB65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bc7ad790946e410e54cda658215a71c2cfb4193d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5915143,"id":"Q5915143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$6E16DA44-4E49-4F4D-B99E-F29FC2E57B2C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4a77cd15e6fedcc478632d8beabe7edf1cb4bbde","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4746477,"id":"Q4746477"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$303E9042-DE0B-45F5-A5E3-050994E3C923","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"305c27b3c931369b0777e491c118b6459511988c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4438717,"id":"Q4438717"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$214A8A01-714B-4B8E-91EE-12278ED322AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4368e1da6e62b9e417b3fd095e1273a9ef3946ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3159921,"id":"Q3159921"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$C97164CC-08D4-4E09-A66B-D0567695F031","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e313e9b85a6b3e538e3b75dcc2b26ea81fdf74e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4946178,"id":"Q4946178"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$F74A0FBC-61A6-49F1-957A-6AD92031D334","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"91efa2d31aafcdf2c2219c6afee3b39727a40d70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5859981,"id":"Q5859981"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$EC80D177-1905-43BB-9937-D3F81AC4413B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ed2fa04b0ec22b4da82ab5713bcab2ceef6d9d50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4495000,"id":"Q4495000"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$90BEBBD0-590E-4A03-894C-CA951875D651","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"47c0d740da5ea38bfcbcaab69ff0b105034a8fd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1842552,"id":"Q1842552"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6985499$1131407D-1CE7-4A85-99FB-998067EB371C","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"An embedding theorem for multidimensional subshifts","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/An_embedding_theorem_for_multidimensional_subshifts"}}}}}