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II. . 184--198 (1990; Zbl 0738.28013)], an important contribution to geometric Ramsey theory and a striking illustration of the power of the ergodic-theoretic methods pioneered by \\textit{H. Furstenberg} et al., demonstrated that ``fat sets in the plane contain all large distances'': If a measurable set \\(A\\subset\\mathbb{R}^2\\) has positive upper density, meaning that \\(\\lim_{N\\to\\infty}m(A\\cap[-N,N]^2)/m([-N,N]^2)\\) exists and is positive (\\(m\\) denoting Lebesgue measure), then there is some \\(m_0(A)\\) with the property that \\(\\{\\vert x-y\\vert\\mid x,y\\in A\\}\\supset[m_0(A),\\infty)\\). \\N\\NIn order to discuss discrete analogues of this result, write \\[d^*(E) =\\lim_{N\\to\\infty}\\sup_{t\\in\\mathbb{Z}^d}\\vert E\\cap([-N,N]^d+t)\\cap\\mathbb{Z}^d\\vert/\\vert[-N,N]^d\\cap\\mathbb{Z}^d\\vert\\] for the upper Banach density of a set \\(E\\subset\\mathbb{Z}^d\\). \\textit{\u00c1. Magyar} [Isr. J. Math. 164, 251--263 (2008; Zbl 1153.11006)] showed that if \\(d\\geqslant5\\) then \\(d^*(E)>0\\) implies that there are integers \\(k(d^*(E))\\) and \\(m_0(E)\\) for which \\(k(d^*(E))m\\in\\{\\vert x-y\\vert^2\\mid x,y\\in E\\}\\) for all integers \\(m\\geqslant m_0(E)\\). This is here labelled a quantitative discrete result because \\(k\\) depends only on the upper Banach density of the set \\(E\\), not on \\(E\\) itself. This was further developed by \\textit{N. Lyall} and \\textit{\u00c1. Magyar} [Isr. J. Math. 240, No. 2, 769--790 (2020; Zbl 1468.11031)] to give a ``pinned quantitative'' result: If \\(d\\geqslant5\\) then \\(d^*(E)>0\\) implies that there are integers \\(k(d^*(E))\\) and \\(m_0(E)\\) such that for every \\(m_1\\geqslant m_0(E)\\) there exists a fixed point \\(x\\in E\\) so that \\(k(d^*(E))m\\in\\{\\vert x-y\\vert^2\\mid y\\in E\\}\\) for all integers \\(m\\in[m_0,m_1]\\). Further extensions involving functions beyond the squared distance have been obtained in [\\textit{M. Bj\u00f6rklund} and \\textit{K. Bulinski}, Comment. Math. Helv. 92, No. 3, 621--640 (2017; Zbl 1377.37014); \\textit{M. Bj\u00f6rklund} and \\textit{A. Fish}, Forum Math. Sigma 12, Paper No. e121, 20 p. (2024; Zbl 1558.37009); \\textit{K. Bulinski} and \\textit{A. Fish}, ``Quantitative twisted patterns in positive density subsets'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:2102.05862}]. \\N\\NTwo of these results are the starting point for the work done here, as follows. \\N\\N(A) If \\(P\\colon\\mathbb{Z}\\to\\mathbb{Z}\\) is an integer polynomial with zero constant term and degree at least two, then for every \\(\\delta>0\\) there is a positive integer \\(k_0(P,\\delta)\\) such that \\(d^*(E)\\geqslant\\delta\\) implies that there is a positive integer \\(k\\leqslant k_0(P,\\delta)\\) with \\(k\\mathbb{Z}\\subset E-E+P(E-E)\\);\\N\\N(B) For \\(d\\geqslant2\\) and \\(d^*(E)>0\\) there exists some positive integer \\(k(E)\\) such that the set of all signed volumes of \\(d\\)-simplices whose vertices all lie in \\(E\\) contains the set \\(k(E)\\mathbb{Z}\\). \\N\\NThe two main results here further fill out our understanding of these delicate issues as follows. In relation to (A), no pinned version is possible, and in relation to (B) a quantitative version does hold and is proved here. The method used is as usual to translate the statements into ergodic theory using an appropriate version of Furstenberg's correspondence principle due to \\textit{V. Bergelson} and \\textit{A. F. Moragues} [Isr. J. 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