{"entities":{"Q6988787":{"pageid":21435732,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6988787","lastrevid":84010715,"modified":"2026-05-07T21:06:33Z","type":"item","id":"Q6988787","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Constructions of normal numbers with infinite digit sets"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8035429"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$B16FD45B-2517-4923-94FD-94C70D02B341","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d741db529bcecd70c250f8174dbe06c8e0c52ef9","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Constructions of normal numbers with infinite digit sets","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$0B97336F-5962-4290-85C4-1F537291BFF9","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"be6e3f5972f36e2747ed2a7b13510614b60ef40f","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.JCO.2025.101945","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$155C427A-324D-4EEA-974C-9ACA172C386D","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a156279d2b15b21f17c74239722f29c0a70d8b08","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6522975,"id":"Q6522975"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$D41053C3-95CC-4807-ABDA-B58ABC2C334B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0df9d5a70ab2d7c962ceb6330b5a0cb35bf5693c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":405733,"id":"Q405733"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$7DAC83E2-3C35-4A1A-A354-365C3256566D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"f728e963338f0590fef2609026707340c65ee9d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":162057,"id":"Q162057"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$256E79B2-3B3E-4919-A26F-252A5E4ADE83","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"513fcf5ca4ace8f39ed8941d572aa87a6f412c71","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$49FEF2DF-F986-4C6A-9BF9-EE4575F1183D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"41151439b055e0c9b89c110f6cad40abe042415e","datavalue":{"value":"The authors construct normal sequences for Bernoulli shifts on countable alphabets (and thus normal numbers for generalised L\u00fcroth series) with the help of a rooted, labeled, binary probability tree in the following way. For a given monotonically decreasing sequence \\((L_d)_{d\\ge1}\\) with \\(\\sum_{d=1}^\\infty L_d = 1\\), let \\(p_d = L_d/\\sum_{i=d}^\\infty L_i\\), define the weight of a word \\(a_1 \\cdots a_k \\in \\mathbb{N}^k\\) recursively by \\(W(1) = 1\\), \\(W(a_1 \\cdots a_k 1) = W(a_1 \\cdots a_k) p_{a_k}\\), \\(W(a_1 \\cdots a_{k-1} (a_k{+}1)) = W(a_1 \\cdots a_k) (1{-}p_{a_k})\\), and let \\(G(n)\\) be the set of words with \\(\\sum_{i=1}^k a_i = n\\), so that \\(\\sum_{u \\in G(n)} W(u) = 1\\) for all \\(n\\). The grandchildren of a word \\(a_1 \\cdots a_k \\in G(n{-}2)\\) are the words \\(a_1 \\cdots a_k11\\), \\(a_1 \\cdots a_k2\\), \\(a_1 \\cdots a_{k-1}(a_k{+}1)1\\) and \\(a_1 \\cdots a_{k-1}(a_k{+}2)\\) in \\(G(n)\\). Consider infinite sequences that are obtained by concatenating, for all \\(n\\), \\((n{-}1)n\\) blocks of \\((n{-}2)!\\) words in \\(G(n)\\) such that each \\(u \\in G(n)\\) occurs about \\(n!W(u)\\) times within these \\(n!\\) words and that each of the blocks contains about \\((n{-}2)!W(v)\\) grandchildren of \\(v\\) for all \\(v \\in G(n{-}2)\\). The authors show that such sequences exist and are \\(L\\)-normal, i.e., each word \\(a_1\\cdots a_k \\in \\mathbb{N}^k\\) occurs in the sequence with frequency \\(L_{a_1} \\cdots L_{a_k}\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$898E216C-83CB-4EC0-944A-69909B1CFB05","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"85b74d523e7b21c11d971d93961ac7603c62289f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":281755,"id":"Q281755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$D12F8671-4531-45CA-B9D3-79DF5DC6F3FB","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"60e34aad7a008d1af33d80ab68d235c199c3462a","datavalue":{"value":"11K16","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$92F2BF0A-F713-43D5-8F0D-B8AF6B3784F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e840e979351f221ec22f6596521c1e78c9e12ea1","datavalue":{"value":"11A63","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$F0F494DE-5A00-4E23-917A-939332C77096","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d5da87a72c21717089feda882f568938059a9d84","datavalue":{"value":"05C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$EE7D225D-7757-49AA-A19F-1B53A4C82556","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"dc533e93ed7940cab50414f9113306267d8fb5fb","datavalue":{"value":"8035429","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$D6FFAE95-38E8-41C2-AF88-9046BB48A978","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"786b010c0237ccb0f610533c901c5bbc88a089ab","datavalue":{"value":"normal numbers","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$8D83E68F-72D4-41E6-B25D-C13472178E04","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5b41a820d69a839649cf28544f4a2bd2b4ebafac","datavalue":{"value":"digit frequency","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$E0ECB7E7-C6BC-4EB1-84D5-CDB26D131524","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"904c2cb8f4c9ce250e65e084bcbff43bf73b5e81","datavalue":{"value":"L\u00fcroth expansions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$6A5513E5-1D4B-4D9D-9C07-944E2F576C89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"977479f1c15c98f6a474783090a6ec828e5fe061","datavalue":{"value":"GLS expansions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$03DC23F3-CF45-4D36-A8BA-39EEEE4233EA","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$E775E7F5-8756-483B-AB99-A82635CA99E3","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"62e89f8a1a60da26db9350fca3c3d9ebe04c2df4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4877386,"id":"Q4877386"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$80954E71-D534-44B1-AEF2-FA294C62E8E0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1b694496d7c3d99ec9098e28c042619510d62541","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1489074,"id":"Q1489074"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$FDEC9880-38E5-4F58-B1F5-9DADE59C1046","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"570787d8c3797b23e215bd734559b5ab2bbaea02","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2904676,"id":"Q2904676"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$65272623-EDED-4084-98D8-5AE11E7915C6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1b9d826d7274d0d78ca5060a16ffc1fd20d7b116","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2622882,"id":"Q2622882"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$06AC5E44-B567-4469-94D9-ED9534F53244","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4272170058e2c1291d624b8f3635f9c33e746c57","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2308845,"id":"Q2308845"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$CDB25AF1-9EA1-4AB2-ACE5-84604E3E912E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cac909d19b0b4565d19259ca5f6e800a854262af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1182255,"id":"Q1182255"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$C1A82838-B6AB-4D54-BE2C-9D4608806E96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"72d13a0022969941b7c30bc030a0ef3403e05612","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3718978,"id":"Q3718978"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$06E398C4-A755-4EEF-947D-1A7C6D971BF0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b42d94d60266957e773272faa201baa47f178170","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4767350,"id":"Q4767350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$355EDCF3-9212-4E02-8DA3-F752E7EA1712","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"31a1e9cf77a8d6f8002d1042f1a54c25ca3ac38a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3490220,"id":"Q3490220"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$CB46C86E-68F7-43CB-AB1C-AD031B2A0D11","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3d859417d5955d41cc47dad700c6f49e08bca590","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1545211,"id":"Q1545211"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$D5E0E0FE-42FA-4638-A503-A8B59EB476EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a2a07d64aab01dadf536f47f1ee178bb11ded14b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2634824,"id":"Q2634824"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$B6A105FB-5AD7-42EA-B69F-D28BF6CFA601","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f31a238082cbba881d3aa24a99c6d659d492c15f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5413802,"id":"Q5413802"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6988787$B64408A2-AFF1-406E-A111-5F51D811BB5F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Constructions of normal numbers with infinite digit sets","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Constructions_of_normal_numbers_with_infinite_digit_sets"}}}}}