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In terms of the characteristic function \\(\\varphi(t)= Ee^{itZ}\\), this equation reads  \\[ \\varphi(t)= f\\bigl(E\\varphi (At)), \\tag{2} \\]  where \\(f(s)=\\sum_{n\\geq 0}P(N=n)s^n\\). If \\(0<A=1/EN<1\\), then (2) reduces to the Poincar\u00e9 functional equation for Galton-Watson processes, while if \\(N\\geq 2\\) is constant, (2) becomes the Mandelbrot functional equation for multiplicative cascades. The author first gives necessary and sufficient conditions for (1) to have nontrivial and nonnegative solutions. Then asymptotic properties of \\(\\varphi\\) and its derivative are studied. If (1) has a positive solution, the author investigates conditions under which the distribution function \\(P(Z\\leq x)\\) decays at a polynomial rate or exponentially as \\(x\\searrow 0\\). 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