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Building upon recent developments by \\textit{V. Lima} and \\textit{A. Menezes} [``Eigenvalue problems and free boundary minimal surfaces in spherical caps'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:2307.13556}], which linked FBMS in \\(\\mathbb{S}^n_+\\) to extremal metrics for a certain functional involving Steklov eigenvalues, this paper proposes and studies natural higher-order generalizations of these functionals in both spherical and hyperbolic settings.\\N\\NTwo families of functionals are introduced on the space of Riemannian metrics on a compact surface with boundary: \\(\\mathcal{E}_{r,k}\\) and \\(\\mathcal{F}_{r,k}\\), parameterized by \\(k\\) and a geometric radius \\(r\\). These functionals are defined using generalized (Robin-type) Steklov eigenvalues with frequency \\(\\pm 2\\). The author shows that metrics induced by FBMS in geodesic balls in \\(\\mathbb{H}^n\\) or \\(\\mathbb{S}^n_+\\) are extremal for these functionals, and conversely, any extremal metric arises from such an immersion. The analysis draws on variational principles, conformal deformation techniques, and spectral theory for boundary value problems.\\N\\NThe paper further investigates the Morse index of FBMS in geodesic balls, introducing a spectral index based on Steklov eigenvalues and establishing bounds relating it to the classical Morse index. As an application, the author computes the index of critical spherical catenoids in \\(\\mathbb{S}^3_+\\) and \\(\\mathbb{H}^3\\), showing it is exactly or at least \\(4\\). 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