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C. H. Mackenzie} introduced and studied in [Adv. Math. 94, No. 2, 180--239 (1992; Zbl 0765.57025) and Adv. Math. 154, No. 1, 46--75 (2000; Zbl 0971.58015)] the notion of \\({\\mathcal{LA}}\\)-groupoid that is a generalization of both Lie groupoid and Lie algebroid.  In this paper the author deals with \\({\\mathcal{LA}}\\)-groupoids from a supergeometric point of view in a way that extends \\textit{A. Yu. Vajntrob}'s approach [Russ. Math. Surv. 52, No. 2, 428--429 (1997; Zbl 0955.58017)] according to which the theory of Lie algebroids is a special case of the theory of homological vector fields on supermanifolds. In order to do this, the author introduces the notion of \\(Q\\)-groupoid (a graded groupoid that is equipped with a compatible homological vector field) and constructs two functors, one which is faithful, from the category of \\({\\mathcal{LA}}\\)-groupoids to the category of \\(Q\\)-groupoids and the other from the category of \\(Q\\)-groupoids to the category of simplicial \\(Q\\)-manifolds. Then the author associates to every \\(Q\\)-groupoid a double complex that leads to the notion of \\(Q\\)-groupoid cohomology (and therefore of \\({\\mathcal{LA}}\\)-groupoid cohomology). In particular, the de Rham double complex is reproduced (associating to a Lie groupoid its tangent prolongation groupoid and then a \\(Q\\)-groupoid, where the homological vector field is the de Rham differential \\(d\\)). Also double complexes are constructed for the cotangent prolongation groupoid of a Poisson groupoid and for a vacant 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