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The authors study the conditions under which the equation above has solutions that are generalized polynomials or, in other words, solutions \\(f:\\;{\\mathbb C} \\to {\\mathbb C}\\) such that, for suitable \\(n\\),  \\[ \\Delta_{h_1} \\dots \\Delta_{h_{n+1}} f(x) = 0 \\qquad (h_1,\\dots,h_{n+1} \\in {\\mathbb C}). \\]  It is proved that equation (1) has an additive solution \\(f\\) if and only if \\(f\\) is an automorphism such that  \\[ \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i f(b_i) = 0 \\quad \\text{and} \\quad \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i f(c_i) = 0. \\]  Further, it is shown that, for every natural \\(k\\) the following are equivalent:  (i) there exists a monomial of degree \\(k\\) which is a solution of (1);  (ii) there exist automorphisms \\(\\phi_1,\\dots,\\phi_k\\) of \\({\\mathbb C}\\) such that \\(\\phi_1 \\cdots \\phi_k\\) is a solution of (1);  (iii) there exist automorphisms \\(\\phi_1,\\dots,\\phi_k\\) of \\({\\mathbb C}\\) such that  \\[ \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i \\prod_{j \\in J} \\phi_j(b_i) \\prod_{j \\notin J} \\phi_j(c_i) = 0 \\]  for every \\(J \\subseteq \\{1,\\dots,k\\}\\).  In the special case when all \\(a_1,\\dots,a_n\\) are nonzero, \\(b_i = 1\\), and \\(c_1,\\dots,c_n\\) are distinct complex numbers, the following are equivalent:  (i) there exists a nonconstant solution of (1);  (ii) there is a solution of (1) which is an automorphism of \\({\\mathbb C}\\);  (iii) \\(\\sum_{i=1}^n a_i = 0\\), and there exist automorphisms \\(\\phi\\) of \\({\\mathbb C}\\) such that  \\[ \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i \\phi(c_i) = 0. \\]   Moreover, in this case, if equation (1) has a solution \\(\\phi_1 \\cdots \\phi_k\\) with the automorphisms \\(\\phi_1,\\dots,\\phi_k\\), then every subproduct of these automorphisms is also a solution of 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