{"entities":{"Q749657":{"pageid":751506,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q749657","lastrevid":49432375,"modified":"2026-01-07T03:47:11Z","type":"item","id":"Q749657","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Intersection of finitely generated surface groups"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4173233"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$2FBF7EAD-6E8E-4657-B41B-AC7815FB4238","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4d2a6d12a0743fd02936d6e23ca4f60ac1ab0c8c","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Intersection of finitely generated surface groups","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$2D4976FE-CF4A-4E6B-ADCA-3224CFA52E16","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"aca8cbd591d605279bc6e3b770cb157e9e96c50a","datavalue":{"value":"0713.20020","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$709A5985-92D3-465A-A025-533E1C996488","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"f97112042188323ff6284bf8e186ef16ba24e9e3","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0022-4049(90)90125-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$5757EF49-9808-4202-9EB2-5948A8C466A4","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"632634a9764576063f1913690a45d0cc940b651f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":240585,"id":"Q240585"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$27A61331-DCDA-4208-9C77-72886C0D7410","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"34a2791b3d9645796ba9cdff19dd05bcf40f0161","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168348,"id":"Q168348"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$CCBD3F05-9F97-4350-ABF7-96C7BDD9DF15","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"70d2fbf8bcd48a5ca1ac752985098b379d0dbb65","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1990-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$A87FF08D-056D-4AA0-9E96-EF8B4A859E2E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c4276c4e9568c9c33990a8e892f96736149ad57f","datavalue":{"value":"A group is said to have the finitely generated intersection property (briefly, FGIP) if the intersection of each pair of finitely generated subgroups is again finitely generated. Interest in this property dates from the result of \\textit{A. G. Howson} [J. Lond. Math. Soc. 29, 428-434 (1954; Zbl 0056.021)] that free groups have FGIP. In fact Howson gave a bound for the rank of \\(A\\cap B\\) in terms of the ranks m,n of subgroups A,B of a free group, slightly improved successively by Hanna Neumann and the reviewer to:  \\[  rank(A\\cap B)\\leq 2(m-1)(n-1)-\\min \\{m-2,n-2\\}.  \\]  \\textit{L. Greenberg} [Can. J. Math. 12, 415-426 (1960; Zbl 0096.021)] showed that for every connected surface S the fundamental group \\(\\pi_ 1(S)\\) has FGIP. (This result has since been extended by group-theoretic means to a rather wider class of groups.) Using 2-dimensional hyperbolic geometry and arguments based on certain ideas of Gersten's and Stallings', the author of the present paper establishes the following analogue of the above bound for subgroups A,B of ranks m,n of \\(\\pi_ 1(S):\\)  \\[  rank(A\\cap B)\\leq 20700(m-1)(n-1)+1.  \\]  Theorem 2 states the existence of such ``intersection estimate'' functions for certain Kleinian groups. An analogous bound in the case of a free product H*K of groups with FGIP is also obtained:  \\[  rank(A\\cap B)\\leq [18(m-1)(n- 1)+1]\\max \\{f_ H(m,n),f_ K(m,n)\\},  \\]  where \\(f_ H(m,n)\\), \\(f_ K(m,n)\\) are upper estimates for the ranks of intersections of pairs of subgroups of ranks m,n in H,K respectively (i.e. ``intersection estimate'' functions for H,K).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$C1C00A8A-3210-41E5-A35F-20D36EF74F34","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"fcae15942a1ef1170b65682251799a9bfed1dcd3","datavalue":{"value":"20E06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$4F83FAFA-030A-4BA0-BD37-62968E8ECA8A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8b90db52ca12088dc08c74afaecb99f82acc3eec","datavalue":{"value":"20F34","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$B30F91A6-491A-4B78-A5B3-A3A7F6EE2E72","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"639e35a4d8066ba3b320b7c5998ad4d73a0cf431","datavalue":{"value":"20F65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$838CD12D-F2B9-4179-A0C7-E2A678B653DD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5608e4dbe85e8f6c220cc8afcea2a4ada066e3fa","datavalue":{"value":"20F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$6B02A0FE-EC49-40DB-BA8E-3BA8B57C28BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5f5206f46c6ca666840f8b4128198bef996fcacb","datavalue":{"value":"57M05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$AC0F0573-D626-45CE-A6F5-CD3DC6C11CD1","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"7a20b38f6bd7df05e998fafb6164d4ce915dfc01","datavalue":{"value":"4173233","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$D302639D-3319-48B4-9866-EFACDFF690EA","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"867b4c0795aed6e9e2eec4508b1c72c16a9c03cd","datavalue":{"value":"finitely generated intersection property","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$FCE4ED33-C19C-4592-BD5F-3DE67173AFB8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3f3dccbd93c7f1c8655c4c33bfb1cdfadbd433ac","datavalue":{"value":"finitely generated subgroups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$62194F62-2C04-4825-AA8D-098ABDB92062","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0ffb9b557bffdfa5cd70d593a7ec3f8594345072","datavalue":{"value":"free groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$32E9EEAD-AC37-47A4-AF83-B60B3E124E34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9286a21664d117d00ae08319c3415cc6e432c680","datavalue":{"value":"connected surface","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$935E2357-281A-450E-BAF6-9E998A7EAFC9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5d5efc89aa83edfc12cab2db94178013b9c5bdd1","datavalue":{"value":"fundamental group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$09CAFA7A-D5BC-4969-895D-A425CCBBF19E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"04a7d05b34854693a684c95ef34e64693fd9fa17","datavalue":{"value":"hyperbolic geometry","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$B00411E5-063C-44E3-85F5-CB7957FCBE6C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"638b5fa8e3a95bc4f5eb57d92c4b9a3f491cb1fa","datavalue":{"value":"Kleinian groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$8F45818E-9E91-4D29-AB52-0F85D8FCEFFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9a3e638b439a8ce33a8e994eaa7d1ef9ec9b9535","datavalue":{"value":"free product","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$C8BDFEC2-F21D-457C-B6D3-A8BF43290A91","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"24475ce7028fe19b69c1eff0b30be406b42b6431","datavalue":{"value":"ranks of intersections","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$931DAE1A-471D-4364-B496-99044E39BC4E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$5CAE087E-DE2C-4D05-89FB-083D463DB651","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d3595eedb9291a80502393a9fc624aca2972ba45","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4049(90)90125-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$60ED6ACA-1811-4EFF-803D-BC6BEE90ECC8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"a2b4af6a0eba5b7820695e72328cedbf08d10015","datavalue":{"value":"W2052597293","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$09932E40-7F07-4A5F-BF89-2C3FC25D16A6","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a4e816910e10cf0eeb6ec7f1599deca0038e2c06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5521522,"id":"Q5521522"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$5253548A-8F9B-4E2D-852E-752843B2D1F3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d4018593a57678e20a92df887b243fff8c0fe309","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3770791,"id":"Q3770791"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$5DA8B624-8A93-4356-B4BE-DA35408C6E8D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c87faf8f30657e689b9c32ffdd2e937bb1c0870","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1055548,"id":"Q1055548"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$F290B48E-4220-42C1-B295-205299FACACB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5263ec0ce249c85fd081687f73c50962e57e1206","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3274207,"id":"Q3274207"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$D4CC60A6-AE51-49FB-BECD-3D9AF0C093AB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c2046b4263a56ba92f2fa37c0dc6e1324f898013","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3691937,"id":"Q3691937"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$CA3F99E1-1868-4954-9CEA-2F70198ED3ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e13e8f1b5f1454f6b865214a30d9dcbfeb64f10b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5828014,"id":"Q5828014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$BD782B7F-8B53-4BD2-9F0A-06362BBA4A1C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"739057c17b0a4e61a99825b3c5f17c9f209f5b40","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3231202,"id":"Q3231202"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$668B6A34-35A3-43CB-B191-C8B9730364C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c41c9d25f0c3971b043c523c8c73580e720c6a16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2520868,"id":"Q2520868"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$93142725-5427-4094-AF27-4554E27F20D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bc991b6b90e8360baaa546e9dfdab51d8674e144","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1055547,"id":"Q1055547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$B7BCF45C-3EB5-4871-A2FD-035380D8705F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eceab9bd9ac93b9e27b858b31f14ecf233de4d7c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1156903,"id":"Q1156903"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q749657$1055FDA2-5756-480F-A0D3-F8142F4AE26A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"126b36bd9835b0aa6fbcb7744d45b0cbe3cc8307","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3974443,"id":"Q3974443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"515dfe4722b7b9c6111f16b1adbd60152b21e9cc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8738629817962646","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q749657$B3F1A8AE-F9B0-44EF-B294-524A4C24F4D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eed4e6bb3a0304f4d4c4c7769726769f2d766a30","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1380003,"id":"Q1380003"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4a17181164aefb485bcdd63d889037638ec0e9d2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8730610013008118","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q749657$D5B7C42E-B632-4E7A-90AA-97419E90E381","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7ca6ccb4bd3c0f2a8b4a4418f1981babe7e13fe8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3701618,"id":"Q3701618"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ce10feb962e39cb1b207716a9d7f7b92a010d20a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8544374108314514","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q749657$A37FE8C1-BFD7-4742-BAD8-795D0D4AEA98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"46b3c0b6f27ed203f800ae2f900b8a84e21c5968","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3691937,"id":"Q3691937"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b746b7af9d4beae57369faa5d6baed5d78c9256f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8402114510536194","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q749657$6AFB9B45-1A03-4F7F-8545-293B66E6F3F2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6670a63ebcf7dfb256b4415e35ef3d44b490a21d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4273701,"id":"Q4273701"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"46844d45fe66aafb52a9b6f135a2431846ec1930","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8327541351318359","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q749657$08D669E0-C3C5-42C8-B3C3-57AACDF966B7","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:749657","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:749657"}}}}}