{"entities":{"Q750756":{"pageid":752605,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q750756","lastrevid":64095459,"modified":"2026-04-11T17:36:42Z","type":"item","id":"Q750756","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On criticality and ground states of second order elliptic equations. II"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4175571"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$D9C98DD1-76AE-4B3B-9C32-A7F6953CAF4B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4fe742ff7e9485de04844c62ae9c99dbc46565f5","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On criticality and ground states of second order elliptic equations. II","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$05149C94-7BFF-4C09-B6B6-2EE217DE1E54","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"17c57534961d849d2e7d030adc7006ecd8eb6f7b","datavalue":{"value":"0714.35055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$026CC4AE-B942-43F0-B7DF-3A286DE24EF7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"7c394bd11da3645264e7153219449f928d69b6f1","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0022-0396(90)90007-C","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$8E92BD9D-20FB-42B9-A192-DE8015BBD31B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"41a902f00d358af6725f289b2d988c8138964fff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":180331,"id":"Q180331"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$EBC52205-F736-4186-AAB4-7AE54C323233","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"dbc27535bfcb4e299a598bcfdfab0633ac07a0ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169790,"id":"Q169790"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$1B30E46F-7626-4FEF-9FD5-13344C277FA2","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"70d2fbf8bcd48a5ca1ac752985098b379d0dbb65","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1990-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$5CD7AC6D-CDEA-4026-8FCC-06F7CED112E1","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"d4039107c41e2a3b641bd473db30d871a343a74e","datavalue":{"value":"[For part I see ibid. 80, No.2, 237-250 (1989; Zbl 0697.35036).]    Let P be a linear second order elliptic operator defined in a domain \\(\\Omega \\subseteq {\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\). Let \\({\\mathcal C}_ P(\\Omega)\\) be the convex cone of all classical positive solutions of the equation \\(Pu=0\\) in \\(\\Omega\\).    P is said to be a subcritical operator in \\(\\Omega\\) if P admits a positive (minimal) Green function \\(G^{\\Omega}_ P(x,y)\\) in \\(\\Omega\\). P is said to be supercritical in \\(\\Omega\\) if \\({\\mathcal C}_ P(\\Omega)=\\emptyset\\). Finally, P is a critical operator in \\(\\Omega\\) if P is neither subcritical nor supercritical in \\(\\Omega\\). Recall that P is critical in \\(\\Omega\\) if and only if P admits a ground state (in the sense of Agmon) with eigenvalue zero. In this article we prove the following    Theorem. Let P be a critical operator in \\(\\Omega \\subseteq {\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\), and let \\(P^*\\) be its formal adjoint. Denote by \\(\\phi\\) (x) (\\(\\psi\\) (x)) the ground state for the equation \\(Pu=0\\) \\((P^*u=0)\\) in \\(\\Omega\\).    Let \\(W\\in C^{\\alpha}_ 0(\\Omega)\\), \\(W\\not\\equiv 0\\), where \\(0<\\alpha \\leq 1\\). Then there exists \\(t_ 0>0\\) such that \\(P+tW\\) is subcritical in \\(\\Omega\\) for all \\(0<t<t_ 0\\) if and only if \\(\\int_{\\Omega}\\psi (x)W(x)\\phi (x)dx>0.\\)    This theorem extends a well known theorem of B. Simon [Theorem XIII.110 in \\textit{M. Reed} and \\textit{B. Simon}, Methods of modern mathematical physics. IV: Analysis of operators (1978; Zbl 0401.47001)].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$37E1EE62-85F9-4B95-922E-D5CB0C635342","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d317443bb20a0d16d24e9e9f2bb5fde8c9881c3d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":180331,"id":"Q180331"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$D0EAA718-6CEB-4A41-95ED-6D41796B90E3","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6a12c0ffdfe2dc480b014949e4623814ef54c228","datavalue":{"value":"35P05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$4AD4AE88-6405-4E2B-B4D9-A602B4FA9979","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"18fb7d9966b408b42bba165f2b04c51555cc6d06","datavalue":{"value":"35J15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$8A858113-8CB4-4C95-B228-F998C47BEACF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"17e8bb7c883ebca4545cb85b2cf2a9e271b6188e","datavalue":{"value":"4175571","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$9006EC56-6A69-4EF1-81E8-F7753BA0C2AE","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f1a0b1646d3b7cc6f542faebf6216b3ec9c323d6","datavalue":{"value":"perturbation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$05042E73-1F5C-42D6-ADA0-47AA316A7DE6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f4d4b203183559b74fd4059bb1f8b8bcfd040a77","datavalue":{"value":"positive solutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$7953D1A6-A679-4B8B-B866-128E6C232CDB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2c1517d4d56546165bb65813f43f35b4133b6936","datavalue":{"value":"subcritical operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$80914A22-1EBE-4E45-92AC-8D02EF4955AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d97f7ae10528f62a08f16749b8c6a573b17bf1c9","datavalue":{"value":"ground state","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$566A94FD-9825-483E-8800-62BD424FF604","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$AED44B52-C093-4993-ABAD-A11E5ED72CAC","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"331ad3383bcde1548d56fe84cbcfdf63edc333ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3727040,"id":"Q3727040"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$4737EF83-0E4A-4BBA-975C-207BEC623C28","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"020bf7494fb8269115b19903a60ef7d864262d03","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5185439,"id":"Q5185439"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$FEFE2C72-DD32-4487-A509-15F858BF6D27","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1d82b6d01af8af69880da4318c06fe0cbaafbf50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5187524,"id":"Q5187524"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$AEFBCDA0-BA1B-492C-9362-7E9B84650090","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"00d18cf4b34b30aa0a490d8f8de16defb149f9b7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":774306,"id":"Q774306"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$4073D6F4-8995-47E8-B536-5DDC3042EC49","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bd2c837797c0efaad972a76827d894ea60bea69e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1826026,"id":"Q1826026"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$1C5F2F02-B765-4D9C-BDB9-4278A5DF4174","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b5e9820a5edc8bcbf14a171fd0a69ac41e09d268","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":910928,"id":"Q910928"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$4B502F90-FEAC-4A45-9CD5-092841D4F147","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"610ec30f7f31e9049541d318703ae416c74a449e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4185363,"id":"Q4185363"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$97FD287A-0ECE-4FC5-A2CF-E3F7BCD5110C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e71a8491ff80ac65ca385de45e67375f40dd0c81","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1164205,"id":"Q1164205"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$892A3389-94A6-48CD-8E73-A424CEE22C4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"18a6fb563ecd74af01655ac3501ce0ebfb058f5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1225234,"id":"Q1225234"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$03955F1A-5C47-4794-ABD7-FE8F80A5DF56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5bb8ea04dfbe4ab249f300f99c4b41ab59999dfb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3037860,"id":"Q3037860"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$57D3C5B0-30BD-48B3-9F37-7E1FE3A1D304","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3d96c1dfad68f5ea77674e0ea21e188ac883e8e9","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0396(90)90007-c","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$AD621464-2C32-498D-8E4D-9BC27C34EFA7","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"ce9f10411d157b6d8638d350f77f66cf926b4d63","datavalue":{"value":"W2052727633","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q750756$F27545B9-8184-47A7-A56B-6F25A2D29006","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eae577f1bcb978ddfe9a7291476495d37c816beb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2564684,"id":"Q2564684"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2b54fabda83a4b36e997b6b10ff9b8f3a4e527cd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.80314225","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$939AB9BE-DE3F-41F1-A356-E8CB4D0EC009","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"47d4bd9d89fd2fadbf94636c5a199eb38206f7a6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1089500,"id":"Q1089500"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"435fbd995c80978e9dcfdd9706cf1b82535d61fc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.78508854","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$C2C7A958-0141-49F9-B3D0-2B727AFCFD19","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"df12d7a7eb627c60681938b9ee487001f4f5e241","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4219663,"id":"Q4219663"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4b282fc81b43f16648344a69db48406e07061aa9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7657355","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$9B57A011-DF2F-4D69-9C91-DD29B9F67B6C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a2af1f46f865cbe6384904c6c9068e6dbbe2be17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4400950,"id":"Q4400950"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bd2a0cf8b5925b1e2bed76a8af40a3ca544e9e7d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7638322","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$84B99DD2-8030-4A14-8BA3-E9DEB07CC1A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0810eabe6b6fcbdaea47fc2354e1b7944ca2ea4c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1177293,"id":"Q1177293"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"69d941911cb64677cc4f75900de7cd7249f7b7f3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.72396594","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$BDB0101E-C3F7-40DE-B121-B92143CE6AD4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"da3bbfca55637032daeb982f85cf858e9a61e17e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4328987,"id":"Q4328987"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"188498c3d6b30039bf47474d5e92fee09e38aa94","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.72004306","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$A97D1900-62E2-4072-B0FC-C6016F43F733","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"622df207fde298cc44359e9df02c00811e761585","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4264263,"id":"Q4264263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"424f8a44b012ca30e11b43becee74b09551bf74b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.70412254","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$58AA51AC-1AF1-4765-B8FC-DD39AEE662CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5434ec3acc005bf973cd8a442f2a783d8d43a901","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4009100,"id":"Q4009100"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"11ca52fed69eb3cf685c7aa6ef476c89a1da989c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7035874","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$398A03FC-309E-47FD-90B2-951EB84DE77C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f06de66b176e2c1c4c00dddc6f110ebb34be9b24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":260757,"id":"Q260757"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c13c8d21a72b2ebfcf19c34ef75726f9fa065f04","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.701288","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$67391D0B-4002-47C5-B828-51FB6752231C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eb97fc026da72384cfed05a606a4ac4cbb43d8b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":476738,"id":"Q476738"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6c5a5d2b9e3b340921edde97973d7936549b0f75","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6973567","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q750756$55199835-DAB9-4CB2-AD0F-DCCAA030DD23","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On criticality and ground states of second order elliptic equations. II","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_criticality_and_ground_states_of_second_order_elliptic_equations._II"}}}}}