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One shows that there exist several ways to make global optimization (1) global-min f(x) subject to \\(c_ i(x)=0\\), \\(i=1,...,m'\\); \\(c_ i(x)\\geq 0\\), \\(i=m'+1,...,m.\\)    The first is to use the exact penalty function  \\[  P_ e(x,\\mu)=f(x)+\\sum^{m'}_{i=1}\\mu_ i| c_ i(x)| +\\sum^{m}_{i=m'+1}\\mu_ i\\max [0,-c_ i(x)],  \\]  to transform the problem (1) to an unconstrained global minimization problem.    The second one constructs filled functions for problem (1) with inequality constraints only. For this, one divides \\(R^ n\\) into two parts: \\(S_ 1=\\{x/f(x)\\geq f(x^*_ 1)\\) or \\(x\\not\\in \\Omega_ f\\}\\), \\(S_ 2=\\{x/f(x)<f(x^*_ 1)\\) and \\(x\\in \\Omega_ f\\}\\), \\((\\Omega_ f\\) is the feasible region of problem (1)) and one finds a filled function transformation  \\[  \\bar U(x,A,h)=\\eta (\\| x-x_ 0\\|)\\phi [A(\\max \\{[f(x)-f(x^*_ 1)], \\quad \\max [-c_ i(x)]\\}+h)],  \\]  which has no stationary point in \\(S_ 1\\), but does have a minimizer in \\(S_ 2.\\)    The third way is to use a square penalty function  \\[  F(x,\\mu)=f(x)+\\sum^{m'}_{i=1}\\mu_ i[c_ i(x)]^ 2+\\sum^{m}_{i=m'+1}\\mu_ i[\\max (0,c_ i(x))]^ 2  \\]  to transform the problem (1) to a sequence of unconstrained global optimization problems.    The fourth way is to solve a sequence of new constrained local minimization problems with filled functions and a part of the original 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