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Lower estimates for \\(E^*_ n(f)\\) are usually established with the aid of the inequality (1) \\(E^*_ n(f)\\geq | \\int^{\\pi}_{-\\pi}fd\\mu |\\), \\(f\\in C^*\\), where \\(\\mu\\) is a complex-valued measure on the unit circle orthogonal to elements from \\({\\mathcal T}_ n\\) and satisfying the condition \\(\\mu\\leq 1\\). A consequence of inequality (1), in particular, is a well-known theorem of Vall\u00e9e Poussin and the Newman-Rivlin inequality (2) \\(E^*_ n(f)\\geq \\sup_{N\\in Z_+}[2(N+1)]^{-1}| \\sum^{N}_{k=0}(k+1)a_{k+n+1}+\\sum^{N}_{k=1}(N- k+1)a_{k+n+N+1}|\\), where \\(f(x)=\\sum^{\\infty}_{k=0}a_ k \\cos kx\\). In the present paper, generalizing the Newman-Rivlin approach, we obtain an estimate of \\(E^*_ n\\) in terms of the characteristic number, largest in modulus, of a Hankel matrix formed from the Fourier coefficients of function f. As consequences, we derive an inequality for best approximations of periodic functions in an integral metric and a generalization of inequality (2) on arbitrary functions from \\(C^*\\). In addition, we find lower estimates for best approximations of continuous functions by means of algebraic polynomials and by integral functions of exponential 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