{"entities":{"Q752547":{"pageid":754396,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q752547","lastrevid":64072740,"modified":"2026-04-11T17:27:26Z","type":"item","id":"Q752547","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Surfaces minimizing area in their homology class and group actions on 3- manifolds"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4178130"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$C8A2E101-C668-4D42-B25C-E170607F99CE","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d96443b8770601b661b6816a404cfd9d222c17c4","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Surfaces minimizing area in their homology class and group actions on 3- manifolds","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$4DBE653B-FC05-452E-A489-6E1064502512","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"347da23be0948c7ba6f1621c5eab899bd3b86931","datavalue":{"value":"0715.57005","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$AB03F30C-D4CF-40D0-8419-18AC42806112","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"a5b873b74f901b8625b68628b06bfbe9806cffe8","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01161639","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$CDD6A591-2220-4FC7-A14A-7FB6F0E0AC7E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"8bbd569f183cf9bfa3fe16df4b4f09213ffc6ee4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":242471,"id":"Q242471"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$34870877-A5BF-4185-B238-D46A868D4E6E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"dfa5bc95e1fdba4c3d3197123373583ef39a5b9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163114,"id":"Q163114"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$874E5512-F8FC-402F-99D5-7961F45E0AE0","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"31a1937240ca4a323604b4728c31d242b5596d7c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1988-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$6957D3B1-D926-46D6-8207-D58BAB241104","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"7b4c06c96d50679ca2f07b849b7d7048911245b7","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/173982","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$384F4AEA-A5EC-4CD6-A469-F6B9F76B56C1","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9510cbd6b47a70f6e08982e6107daa6fbfc634cc","datavalue":{"value":"Minimal and least area surfaces have proved to be most useful in studying 3-manifolds. A closed orientable 3-manifold is called Haken if it is irreducible and contains a two-sided incompressible surface. In this paper, surfaces minimizing area in homology classes are employed to give interesting results when free finite group actions on Haken manifolds give Haken quotients. A key question in the classification of 3-manifolds is whether every irreducible 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group is finitely covered by a Haken manifold. Note that \\textit{W. P. Thurston} [``Geometry and topology of 3-manifolds'', Lecture Notes, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ, 1977/78] has given a heuristic argument that most of the former 3-manifolds are non-Haken. Suppose M is a Haken 3-manifold, G is a free finite group action on M and \\(M_ 1=M/G\\). The main result, Theorem 3-1, shows that if there is \\(\\alpha\\neq 0\\) in \\(H_ 2(M,{\\mathbb{Z}})\\) such that \\(g(\\alpha)=\\pm \\alpha\\) for each g in G, then \\(M_ 1\\) is Haken. Note that the assumption also needs to be included that \\(\\alpha\\) is of infinite order, since the theorem is false for torsion elements. Typical applications are when \\(H_ 2(M,{\\mathbb{Z}})={\\mathbb{Z}}\\) or G is cyclic and \\(H_ 2(M,{\\mathbb{Z}})\\) has odd rank. The proof is by a neat use of cut-and- paste, plus the Meeks-Yau round-off trick, applied to a surface of least area in the homology class \\(\\alpha\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$9AF5BB26-3AF1-4916-8E7E-06A62638B2EA","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5fd2e677adbf3c5d393403c254a42eb2ef993b52","datavalue":{"value":"57N10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$AB419A6E-FA11-4DDC-A9AA-F6C2BBB8E419","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d1d9ffa9133966a58cc7275298ad8bc51e338a8f","datavalue":{"value":"57S17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$D8045562-1829-4E7E-B518-D6031C95F517","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5416a82ff1d1b3af456962bd6dc777a051b14d70","datavalue":{"value":"4178130","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$DDB6E43A-4EE7-4564-B2EA-FB76A5569BD3","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7a582801144377ea06649d90ef33641bac6ec946","datavalue":{"value":"invariant homology class","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$51C57106-5117-4C67-BA99-4C67EB2B9DB9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"64144681c7f1ecc9937d5fb2a06d9474ac5f4c34","datavalue":{"value":"surfaces minimizing area in homology classes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$F6FBC057-520F-415B-B284-F192DD55E7D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"89a1516fdd0ed9343f2c263a4046da64df9c5e60","datavalue":{"value":"free finite group actions on Haken manifolds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$1CAF63C3-7BFD-426D-A769-C2EA671886FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6ba3e7c2ca84fffe15fc851f424f11500d450ac9","datavalue":{"value":"irreducible 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$E1AFD730-612C-45D2-A77D-85E4F99F12C1","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$05862ECE-BA86-41F5-9700-657E44D0ECFC","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2767d6dbc6b179594064d21890fd29f051e220cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5565773,"id":"Q5565773"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$0A261642-06F6-402B-AE39-54157DBF7307","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5db9529e82231b4cc23e879877a1c13237a09ede","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1162721,"id":"Q1162721"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$0E048D96-025D-4CA8-BE4D-121FCD85271C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9ab6b344ae96d5a04c52e9291bcff6e665f91272","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3496864,"id":"Q3496864"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$0E06DC2C-8083-40BA-ABAB-16AC25A6D7D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7a3eab62844258e76304e3e61e5c17228da1e261","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1819745,"id":"Q1819745"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$5ADE4AB5-F2EF-4C07-B12F-7126D246F755","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7ab69a1bad854804266b83eeb7aeaa461cae25d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4114528,"id":"Q4114528"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$530C8B42-20AF-4C64-BA95-BDAD527E8662","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"86a0eb11a799f4f421a56f446e6759f75fa7ad93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3871581,"id":"Q3871581"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$F7867289-01C9-4E6F-94E7-3AD109D00A75","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"04356ef8cdf471b828d794d3c5861740d01cea6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1151636,"id":"Q1151636"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$1B088503-DEC9-449F-8D1C-1E23215184D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5667ae2ac375f1baf2346425eeb617662f22b8e2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":768982,"id":"Q768982"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$B732E593-8998-40EA-83F3-5F762E8E5529","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e15b525874657f7a8e6db631c733faad619dd185","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5590099,"id":"Q5590099"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$C1559E06-E899-46CC-8A04-A248680F952B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2045fc2ff8eca1ca2de634cc5326b053a1e46920","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3942069,"id":"Q3942069"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$AAECBD1A-F6DA-434B-AD41-0C8B81EFA434","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"10118a617019bd149d377bcb429c1d6196a5a001","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2527459,"id":"Q2527459"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$11397DB8-61FF-4512-8D72-127FFEE74449","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ff88cb6f39955ba68b4701c40c7a8fb6e125f5b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5731389,"id":"Q5731389"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$7317DECA-AC09-4904-82B6-53079EDFCD62","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"f3c877ff2a316daacb866061413e978caab46daf","datavalue":{"value":"W2065286303","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q752547$9E207DA0-691D-4234-BDE9-96FA7FD39F0D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f52cfa4f255c1a979038006aa93bef45c21f00ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3029829,"id":"Q3029829"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a7c0b98d05a5a4a353273717e9afd6ac29252668","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8113311529159546","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q752547$B8126248-8A6F-4E37-AC0E-BA581E782D23","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6a8620be235e165755a6fce4a47ead3ac7b6be93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4954726,"id":"Q4954726"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3037216d89e59cc44fdbe793d549966932664e60","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7753221392631531","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q752547$235F69EA-9A05-46B3-AEF8-04E965348BB0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fa468e685f315f404ea61a2a22bfb849f75724a3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3730663,"id":"Q3730663"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b099c9ad4783d88f48c3e9c0c9a68283b8538c60","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7696338891983032","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q752547$1D4B207A-724C-463A-996F-CDCEFA49128A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b8f48c43412933b8523bf375844cf9dd01324238","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":863425,"id":"Q863425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"179f4b5ee6d582ef175cbfbf64a5380327d21e05","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7686141729354858","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q752547$D439EB31-C5A1-452B-B04F-803088B41B2E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6376ec37190db2b51c8985b27462d9b70755d1fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5289023,"id":"Q5289023"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0b582a5dbdf2f9af8c030dd25e83f606171ec287","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7680416107177734","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q752547$0F03B956-B40B-4857-81DB-ED8BC157CC01","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Surfaces minimizing area in their homology class and group actions on 3- manifolds","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Surfaces_minimizing_area_in_their_homology_class_and_group_actions_on_3-_manifolds"}}}}}