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Vogel} [Mohammed ibn Musa Alchwarizmis Algorismus. Das fr\u00fcheste Lehrbuch zum Rechnen mit indischen Ziffern (1963)] le fragment anonyme contenu dans le seul manuscrit de Cambridge n'a cess\u00e9 de retenir l'attention des historiens. Selon une hypoth\u00e8se due surtout aux travaux de Woepcke, il s'agirait d'une traduction du Calcul Indien d'al-Khw\u0101rizm\u012b (ca. 825) perdu en arabe; cette hypoth\u00e8se est devenue une quasi-certitude \u00e0 force d'\u00eatre r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e par les meilleurs auteurs. Des travaux en cours de R. Thomson montrent que le manuscrit de Cambridge date du XII\u00e8me et non du XIII\u00e8me ou du XIV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle comme on le croyait commun\u00e9ment. Il s'av\u00e8re surtout que le texte latin m\u00eale \u00e0 la fois une tradition issue de l'Arithm\u00e9tique de Bo\u00e8ce, et une autre connue sous le titre donn\u00e9 par les math\u00e9maticiens arabes, ``le calcul indien'', ``al- \u1e25is\u0101b al-hind\u012b''. Si l'on compare le contenue avec les autres versions latines connues du XII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, comme vient de le faire Andr\u00e9 Allard, on constate que seuls les exemples de fractions sexag\u00e9simales et les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s par effacement pour les op\u00e9rations fondamentales pratiqu\u00e9es sur les nombres entiers, pourraient \u00eatre dus \u00e0 l'influence d'al-Khw\u0101rizm\u012b; pour le reste, les sources de ce texte latin c\u00e9l\u00e8bre sont certainement multiples.    Les auteurs de cet article ont entrepris de publier une traduction anglaise de cette version latine bri\u00e8vement d\u00e9crite. Le but est certainement louable dans la mesure o\u00f9 des transcriptions anciennes d'un texte \u00e9crit dans un latin m\u00e9di\u00e9val ne permettent plus gu\u00e8re aux historiens d'en saisir la vraie teneur. Proposant \u00e0 la traduction quelques corrections qui ne sont pas toutes pertinentes, les auteurs se sont efforc\u00e9s de r\u00e9aliser une traduction litt\u00e9rale, en accordant \u00e0 la ponctuation du manuscrit de Cambridge une valeur qui n'est pas de mise. Un exemple permet de situer clairement les dangers de cette m\u00e9thode. On lit au f. 104 r du manuscrit de Cambridge la phrase suivante (ed. Vogel, p. 9, mais erron\u00e9ment transcrite):    Unum ergo inuenitur in uniuerso numero. Et hoc est quod in alio libro arithmetice dicitur. Quia unum est radix uniuersi numeri et est extra numerum...    Cette mani\u00e8re de lire incitait \u00e9videmment \u00e0 croire qu'une erreur du copiste du manuscrit de Cambridge devait amener \u00e0 corriger le mot ``arithm\u00e9tique'' en ``alg\u00e8bre''; l'Alg\u00e8bre d'al-Khw\u0101rizm\u012b est en outre cit\u00e9e explicitement dans la phrase pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente sur la d\u00e9finition d'un nombre. Il faut lire en fait, compte tenu de la construction m\u00e9di\u00e9vale tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue, dicere quia...:    Unum ergo inuenitur in uniuerso numero. Et hoc est quod in alio libro arithmetice dicitur quia unum est radix uniuersi numeri et est extra numerum...    D\u00e8s lors, une d\u00e9finition de l'unit\u00e9 abusivement rattach\u00e9e \u00e0 l'Alg\u00e8bre d'al-Khw\u0101rizm\u012b, o\u00f9 elle ne figure m\u00eame pas, et au prix d'une correction abusive, se trouve \u00eatre simplement une citation de l'introduction arithm\u00e9tique de Nicomaque de G\u00e9rase, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e dans les Theologumena Arithmetica et largement diffus\u00e9e par Bo\u00e8ce. Si l'on ajoute que l'introduction qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de la traduction anglaise reprend les nombreuses hypoth\u00e8ses \u00e9nonc\u00e9es par les historiens \u00e0 propos de la gen\u00e8se des algorismes latins (pulsieurs d'entre elles sont connues aujourd'hui comme d\u00e9nu\u00e9es de tout fondement), on ne peut que consid\u00e9rer que cette traduction et les commentaires qui l'accompagnent ne doivent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s qu'avec la plus grande prudence. Une \u00e9dition critique comment\u00e9e du manuscrit de Cambridge, montrant la liaison avec d'autres textes du XII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, est actuellement sous presse: \\textit{A. Allard}, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn M\u016bs\u0101 al-Khw\u0101rizm\u012b. Le calcul indien (Algorismus). Histoire des textes, \u00e9dition critique, traduction et commentaire des plus anciennes versions latines remani\u00e9es du XII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, Fondation Nationale de Carthage-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Etudes Classiques, Tunis-Namur 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