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The general theory of compact semigroups guarantees the existence of idempotents in \\(\\beta\\) \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\), and for each idempotent p there is a largest subgroup H(p) which has p as its identity. It is not hard to prove that H(p) contains (algebraically) a copy of \\({\\mathbb{Z}}\\) (its elements are of the form \\(p+n\\) with \\(n\\in {\\mathbb{Z}}\\), for \\(p+n\\) makes sense even when n is negative). However, \\(\\beta\\) \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\) is very large, and H(p) would be expected to be much larger.    The author proves an extremely remarkable fact: it is consistent with the usual axioms of set theory that \\(H(p)=p+{\\mathbb{Z}}\\), for some idempotents p. The key to this result is to consider strongly summable ultrafilters P on \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\); this means that P has a basis of sets of the form \\(FS(<x_ n>^{\\infty}_{n=1})\\), where for any sequence \\(<x_ n>\\) in \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\), \\(FS(<x_ n>)\\) is the collection of distinct finite sums of elements of \\(<x_ n>\\), that is, \\(FS(<x_ n>)=\\{\\sum_{n\\in F}x_ n:\\) F is a finite subset of \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\}\\). Every strongly summable ultrafilter is an idempotent, but the existence of such ultrafilters cannot be proved in ZFC. Using characteristically difficult and ingenious arguments, the author shows that if P is strongly summable then 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