{"entities":{"Q761332":{"pageid":763181,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q761332","lastrevid":64134906,"modified":"2026-04-11T17:52:47Z","type":"item","id":"Q761332","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Measures of technical efficiency"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3885593"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$145FB89D-534A-4531-A3F3-4684232AA4A8","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"37a7c389976844a049895e4452e5f5a0544b83eb","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Measures of technical efficiency","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$7535F534-1D3A-4FF4-99A5-C263C1ACDF52","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"08218b84c1869d83de59c52ba14b7ed7aff9427f","datavalue":{"value":"0555.90014","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$F98F8C2F-CF1E-4E13-9B9E-55E74333B596","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"df4a3e3a61a7ae2896f3d24c1aa620fc5cae1426","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0022-0531(85)90064-X","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$B0ED4934-52D2-4F5A-9E17-2322EC87EE08","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"3b47f8de840179011fee7bb1d94128a112a74f70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":751964,"id":"Q751964"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$64A9329E-C680-4654-9ECF-1AFADBE72E47","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"3bf9ac9ec63184edee159adfddd47bd75703ecee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":61265,"id":"Q61265"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$D5B12717-F08E-463F-BBCE-95690F67AA66","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"3c94df5c9af0ede578c52141befd29044de13172","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1985-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$31B4EA0D-C772-481E-A6D2-223A021C9E10","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2500b9810f1d49e06f89ef8c5adc017484362477","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{R. F\u00e4re} and \\textit{C. A. K. Lovell} [ibid. 19, 150-162 (1978; Zbl 0398.90012)] suggest four properties that a measure of technical efficiency should satisfy; the commonly employed Debreu-Farrell measure fails three of them. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a measure to satisfy the four conditions are provided and recently proposed measures are analyzed in the light of this result. Also, it is argued that the Debreu-Farrell measure has several desirable properties when one takes account of (1) (perhaps unknown) market prices and the relationship between technical and economic efficiency and (2) its characterization as a measure of economic efficiency using the shadow prices implicit in the production technology.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$CBBF7C81-41EB-4F7B-A185-D6909BDD63BA","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3c41ac41d6e70ec19c64bdeedb4a0e69dd9ac054","datavalue":{"value":"91B38","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$24A405CA-0B74-4DBB-8058-3901D7F951FD","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"f8b20649bb0bf3265a036b5939cd9e71715e312f","datavalue":{"value":"3885593","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$260F4554-83E7-4FEE-AE50-9B92FB0EA7AD","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66d46371899704dbb338fcc1a883bcd033ca465a","datavalue":{"value":"measure of technical efficiency","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$767613BC-C917-4722-BCA9-179EB6D3ED56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a5bdba088502d27254ae9a125bbde1bb20edb5ec","datavalue":{"value":"Debreu-Farrell measure","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$C3747A2B-CB6D-402F-9C66-9028BD20E6F2","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$CCE86452-C033-4E27-900C-4EE1D6644CF6","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3f27a13a130de3959fde929aef5e2618f250cf88","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4161016,"id":"Q4161016"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$B5F9F50F-FB73-44C6-8400-8B948FB26567","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b00672296c3a571b7de005120667ca70c99ae695","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5808934,"id":"Q5808934"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$965D85E7-B33E-4E86-9602-31E07D3AD10A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5d46516160196b8420f70264b2e00c6191cac95b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4083198,"id":"Q4083198"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$18E804A4-0D48-474C-919E-223FFB7C7091","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d2e9a2dc5ad361bcdd9c17bce1452a9b264a1e58","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1254179,"id":"Q1254179"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$735E0E22-4790-4E84-9848-EAEBBE118B0E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d5ee06c966f67de765ff55162906188e460d5600","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5808732,"id":"Q5808732"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$5B2343E4-5FFF-452C-A100-7D67A116B909","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"338250d6f73da89cce8ca902d1fce667e6f9f8b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5823947,"id":"Q5823947"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$379A03FD-821D-467C-B04B-4A1B9FBF6B8D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9dfba1772f698ac8bb26bb86244bdceccd14726c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5823944,"id":"Q5823944"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$3D27C11B-B625-4D28-9942-BEA32B1AAED0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d42a883dbb82b61f6a3f70cdc845b43a3554b27e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4404652,"id":"Q4404652"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$784E66AA-CA53-458B-9701-BB174D4F2C35","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f390164d6b832e884e9426609ef44dfcbb27f4f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":793630,"id":"Q793630"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q761332$0F134767-42DD-4A46-812C-3BF7AEE43B2D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8e08f303d898a97f6cb16afbd8c7ccd813d98c50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":751965,"id":"Q751965"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2bf9a14b24cbcf75788eed9a4b8aedc911327279","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8805678486824036","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q761332$7D75397F-8113-4721-A545-C4F5038B07AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"85e3ed3692941b50fe318d7bcd91657592c1f0af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1969900,"id":"Q1969900"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"514e2e7880105fcd05f566bfeb4785fae412b940","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8747445344924927","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q761332$1150E9FD-FE4F-401A-879C-3AFCC87EA863","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a9e57a566c356a4a514cbbbab7c2f01b33c5a8e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3343714,"id":"Q3343714"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3ceaca8578b4bda8b341a5f735bf76f89e19b3fa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8738754987716675","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q761332$1B8B49DF-521D-46C0-94D8-3F6A48871BC5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"053863e3908455171f39467eb07481830049b256","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1083997,"id":"Q1083997"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cc4b03623538d2ce5147fb95e36af6bde3ad81d8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8601834774017334","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q761332$870740D5-C1BB-409C-9737-06AA5B7D5EF9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3365445562c9771c15126768ed41ef32de3c1016","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":793630,"id":"Q793630"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bbc098338a580725bb57b0aa0439376dc52338af","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8539445996284485","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q761332$CC97D5A9-4956-4617-9775-B9907FC3C223","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Measures of technical efficiency","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Measures_of_technical_efficiency"}}}}}