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The ''unitary problem'' is to determine a canonical form for a given block matrix under equivalence. The tools needed to achieve this are the well-known results: (1) If A is a rectangular matrix there exist unitary matrices U and V so that \\(UAV=a_ 1E_ 1\\oplus a_ 2E_ 2\\oplus...\\oplus a_ kE_ k\\oplus 0\\) where \\(a_ 1>a_ 2>...>a_ k\\) are positive real numbers (the singular values of A) and \\(E_ 1,...,E_ k\\) are identity matrices; (2) Every square matrix is unitarily similar to a block triangular matrix \\((F_{ij})\\) where \\(F_{ij}=0\\) if \\(i<j\\), \\(F_{ij}=\\lambda_ iE_ i\\) where \\(E_ i\\) is an identity matrix, \\(1\\leq i\\leq k\\), \\(\\lambda_ 1\\geq \\lambda_ 2\\geq...\\geq \\lambda_ k\\) (lexicographic ordering of complex numbers) and \\(F_{i+1,i}\\) has linearly independent rows if \\(\\lambda_ i=\\lambda_{i+1}.\\)    The author applies these results in a systematic fashion to the blocks of \\(A=(A_{ij})\\) and arrives at a canonical form \\(A^{\\infty}\\), which is ''irreducible''. He proves that if A and B are equivalent then \\(A^{\\infty}=B^{\\infty}\\). With each canonical matrix he associates a ''scheme'' of labels on the elements and he describes all canonical matrices with a given ''scheme''. The author says his algorithm is much simpler than that of \\textit{J. Brenner} [Acta Math. 86, 297-308 (1951; Zbl 0045.297)] and \\textit{H. Radjavi} [Trans. Am. Math. 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