{"entities":{"Q764421":{"pageid":766270,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q764421","lastrevid":64161333,"modified":"2026-04-11T18:03:11Z","type":"item","id":"Q764421","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Optimal hedging and pricing of equity-linked life insurance contracts in a discrete-time incomplete market"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6014377"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$5A5EFD7F-5779-414F-9C9A-F3DA930C1546","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"18ef420c120aee0c56fca7d3125327268e3cec50","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Optimal hedging and pricing of equity-linked life insurance contracts in a discrete-time incomplete market","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$AC366876-2E1E-41BD-AA4B-6F6985A108F1","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"c4f1aabef73bc4d012e498f3bf016261f1f7f041","datavalue":{"value":"1233.91148","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$DA001602-7D32-43FB-85C0-F29052F22BFA","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"94fa76e4ca28844fc69d614bfde361d2779423be","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2011/850727","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$B35B2A07-6362-4108-A407-1075C4FB1ADA","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"bb6270f45fc71523fdd4d0c4d38edee13a01a424","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":764418,"id":"Q764418"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$599F247F-BD31-47CF-8E24-79DC206ACC6F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9e3c58d0f94ea4a9a22563f2f2b7c3172bbc3877","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":764419,"id":"Q764419"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$0CB78441-EA30-4783-89A5-A4781ECF7AA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"8d6ad7bd04c35b4dfa89575fe8c0307e3fcc7283","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":764420,"id":"Q764420"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$8D18CE71-F64A-4AFE-8DB6-E99E61EA4FD7","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"291dfa4bea40517409b4ae31a6cee6f850f4be90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":117358,"id":"Q117358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$59C1B8AB-3350-4DD8-BE7C-19B820F11A5E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a2d208db1103a8eff5ee81c748238cac793871fb","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2012-03-13T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$BC74FF55-EEEF-465A-B469-079EF41D7AF4","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8e34731c2bcf6f61a6fcad8924799c708fe35226","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: We present a method of optimal hedging and pricing of equity-linked life insurance products in an incomplete discrete-time financial market. A pure endowment life insurance contract with guarantee is used as an example. The financial market incompleteness is caused by the assumption that the underlying risky asset price ratios are distributed in a compact interval, generalizing the assumptions of multinomial incomplete market models. For a range of initial hedging capitals for the embedded financial option, we numerically solve an optimal hedging problem and determine a risk-return profile of each optimal non-self-financing hedging strategy. The fair price of the insurance contract is determined according to the insurer's risk-return preferences. Illustrative numerical results of testing our algorithm on hypothetical insurance contracts are documented. A discussion and a test of a hedging strategy recalibration technique for long-term contracts are presented.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$0531E011-33F5-4752-93B8-B277F4D95846","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e54dfc2ecddf296ea542bd5ed5f10672d6b15158","datavalue":{"value":"91B30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$451A41B5-A1E5-4583-9C39-A99C1090C6E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7f918b855cc4e1ef3c50dee94916276dca231342","datavalue":{"value":"91G10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$1E576EAD-85F9-4EF7-B68F-70AEB64018B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"82cd6ba3de809c77ad4ab5a51dd4d14c3b158a01","datavalue":{"value":"91G20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$4B2F6199-89B7-4344-B515-D176F5BD91A6","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cfb5e11a1361e24edae02b872ee9b2b1a05b59b0","datavalue":{"value":"6014377","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$35FC8582-F40B-410E-AE8F-BA283142F9F7","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$E1F7523C-ADEB-4EB1-8CE8-FEC4A7A7C4B9","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"7ee369d85be31a16eb2d8fb88062d9ea3832f9a2","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/850727","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$204DE52D-B399-400A-81F0-7AB0FB66FDDB","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7f344f3077a676b180abf1471b85c98595b54873","datavalue":{"value":"W2124485124","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$CBE44931-7E5F-4EB4-BC22-D1619755EDA8","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"649f91ed06812de8c3b3f544c4acbea294e05e80","datavalue":{"value":"Q58692070","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$9F68ED5D-0DE0-4E24-8644-05B54E84D9D0","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0c964e6596dbbb2d6f897d717b6b5c8d572b6297","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":689564,"id":"Q689564"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$D183D740-4752-4A2D-BAA3-1811308C0C5C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eb556f65a7c8ff83a11bff3a300705e9ac327ddb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4311651,"id":"Q4311651"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$97B5067E-38F3-4A54-B1BF-B6B2A75AE4E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7ad0efc2e1994ca182a5a9e04d3c70ed08afcdbe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5718206,"id":"Q5718206"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$C97830D7-ABC7-491E-BAD0-77BEF59A0B4E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fc6d8060f03eec852895eb78d7bac06962e4b74d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3815091,"id":"Q3815091"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$010FB826-E6E3-4881-A5C3-1015EE5505B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8c832a00a83fee09299b73174af4ddd877a7e4fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3595147,"id":"Q3595147"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$D582CD68-2026-4E1C-BA40-0224A30BB262","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"49c1d43cd5a9d9930507ec18a649dfc7b4b19f4d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":886628,"id":"Q886628"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$C6D3D0A7-665E-4627-9292-1EE6DDC7693E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f9ceaf9e1fb673a33648a8e8c62190950438a034","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3520341,"id":"Q3520341"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$F19C97BB-D445-4E24-A058-C7AA8BC362F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1c995f4afd2d86404f543f30a89d73994e1bb3a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1966379,"id":"Q1966379"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$3FBFC539-72CD-469E-AC49-4BB06C411BE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3f4194dd14c7c1c9faae91276197ce742e2bb20d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1584192,"id":"Q1584192"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$C24D3B81-77BE-44C4-AC12-142CAC07D190","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9fe2d7a0d8038c538f35f07c510ff0a71d666d99","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2276232,"id":"Q2276232"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$071B54B6-B463-4B77-80CA-6FFBB654CE10","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"78d4ddde36af5ca6e6c3a8ad83beb995e6850e9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":882858,"id":"Q882858"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$A800CB3D-C6B3-4051-98DB-A1660BB3A3D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0bde96da45aeb8338b41d05462cb9b0f542c087c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":939370,"id":"Q939370"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$612FD41F-7EA6-4A91-9027-7339E6FA4849","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7422d97dc0882a0d75a96c4995e6f275c87a8c9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4425014,"id":"Q4425014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$7C34A46E-1864-4C0A-9AD2-00D33C10C02B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"da4c9fbd4d80dc778d30e442fe2154e29423a771","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4336695,"id":"Q4336695"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$7518E18A-C2D8-494B-99AC-8FA2D5A8E375","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58b75ba33cba5e83f6543f6dc4e4c638bf9a1ed9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5439044,"id":"Q5439044"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$EA14472A-73EE-4D11-9971-96D1B6F81ACB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5a052266d4316eb5e81ea814a6241f320fba0530","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":948840,"id":"Q948840"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$292063CC-9F3B-4483-9FE7-EC4C5E3096B2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a3d4789fe1501b19c4ad0d18535e31f69be65d84","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5894843,"id":"Q5894843"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$F21AE474-9227-4BA7-AB92-C103506E8FD2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"85f7f23c1564dba94fc6d4aedc21081b57272939","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5455556,"id":"Q5455556"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$25051916-B6CB-4B21-8809-F331CC8C700B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cf2d89a44cacf0a84d486f3f0ece22243e605930","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":886618,"id":"Q886618"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$F77393F4-80A6-475C-83F0-14B3C5C03504","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ecb9e4dc46d5a167fa40689cc1f0c82cb24331e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2757607,"id":"Q2757607"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$BCD72C6D-9007-45E4-956B-57B2A8655ED6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60311d769a09150fa7f2bd90fc939029f1751641","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4216115,"id":"Q4216115"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$C782C38A-D09B-4BD2-B4AD-7659A0D72F7A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2b0acea12bbd83da2296466c3d9d907340a0f74d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4216108,"id":"Q4216108"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$7CA5177F-FCC4-48BA-B211-5B34E915691C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2cb8ff8fc11ea069f34ca2de3a07098f0ff71c01","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4802407,"id":"Q4802407"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$2E5B1007-4C9C-4250-8567-DE65291AE558","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"02daecb404c7ecb7be5edf15d93d40cd0c950653","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4820980,"id":"Q4820980"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$5261CFAF-09D2-4F67-ADCB-891114181EFB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7541761dbb1622f6671dfa85a402311cf83f1d16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1407179,"id":"Q1407179"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$AC2D485B-4635-4079-9391-53FD842AF528","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0c9300d3ac1e8cc65dae2935414783b503b2bde2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5718206,"id":"Q5718206"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89c07f08246e57eeb15724a30c5fbb7620968a7f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8478598594665527","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q764421$0C0FCA77-6A0C-49C0-8A7B-76E900F71C52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"77914b2ffe2eb244778c030939ab9d7fa7068504","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3119649,"id":"Q3119649"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d967401f01c9d3ec1a40d0c5015025c2de7706b0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8365320563316345","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q764421$73BB5D6F-3A5E-4A9B-972C-60B0E644B7E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5fe243cefd26c002afde5dc8e6169d91001d6411","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3520341,"id":"Q3520341"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bfc17a341a4c2c201b9a3c0f95d2bb13499e0fe7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.823577880859375","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q764421$4A914F17-056A-478E-9805-0CF210A00B56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"efae8b3005ae9590d1d386ddfc7b33bb2e927e5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3119615,"id":"Q3119615"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1921f97b7982aacf9ba81665f3ba0bc543df4fbc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8097705245018005","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q764421$D5B08769-59A2-41CC-9969-099BF7AFAE7B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"406f8ebbc3faaba77be5eb28c1f9b0e38a406b53","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2499839,"id":"Q2499839"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a4d0755cd0604d98fd3f0e8718d73f6953d361e0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8052923679351807","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q764421$91B256DF-E1D1-4099-A278-9CD171787887","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q764421$AC7115A4-E3FA-4A40-A2A8-CD163E51588E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Optimal hedging and pricing of equity-linked life insurance contracts in a discrete-time incomplete market","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Optimal_hedging_and_pricing_of_equity-linked_life_insurance_contracts_in_a_discrete-time_incomplete_market"}}}}}