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Haken} [Stud. mod. Topology, MAA Stud. Math. 5, 39-98 (1968; Zbl 0194.249)]: Let M be a closed connected 3-manifold with a fixed Heegaard splitting (M,F). If M contains an incompressible 2-sphere, then there exists an incompressible 2-sphere \\(S^ 2\\) in M such that \\(F\\cap S^ 2\\) is a single circle which is not contractible in F. In the paper, this theorem is re-proved and the corresponding result on 2-sided projective planes is proved. It is the following theorem: Under the same assumption as above, if there exists a 2-sided projective plane in M, then there exists a 2-sided projective plane \\(P^ 2\\) in M such that \\(F\\cap P^ 2\\) is a single circle. Also, an \\({\\mathbb{Z}}_ 2\\)-equivariant version of Haken's theorem is proved. The key point of the proofs is the following lemma, which reveals a common property of spheres and projective planes with holes. Lemma. Let Q be a sphere or a projective plane with at least two holes. Let \\(\\alpha_ 1,...,\\alpha_ n\\) be disjoint essential arcs in Q, such that each component of \\(Q\\backslash(\\alpha_ 1\\cup...\\cup \\alpha_ n)\\) is a 2- disk. Then, for some component C of \\(\\partial Q\\), each intersection \\(\\alpha_ i\\cap C\\) (1\\(\\leq i\\leq n)\\) contains at most one 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