{"entities":{"Q792435":{"pageid":794283,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q792435","lastrevid":64375668,"modified":"2026-04-11T19:26:38Z","type":"item","id":"Q792435","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Derivations of prime rings"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3853315"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$032F8ABD-2FCE-4E0A-BB16-57021FE6CC75","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"eb2d47f17bfade2371dd3cd7d784428d83740c8b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Derivations of prime rings","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$A76A34C3-5EAE-4239-B910-0905CD997A30","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"4453e3baa04eb1a1377048bb1ac34580e7b01c7a","datavalue":{"value":"0537.16030","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$CDF0A79E-9A0E-459A-AEAD-2EF5E652B455","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"fafe0f8ef3cfa6d1ee3c8bcf4dad86370046d401","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01979650","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$C0B44D40-506C-4A31-9676-D4AF6D0B0F41","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"62ece40bf5c0968e6d7dc6e07b383ec7bc7a6678","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":792434,"id":"Q792434"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$642456A7-76B1-4D27-BF60-26F906018E4B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"ef3ca3322541db05049091162b21145bd512b130","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251873,"id":"Q251873"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$543115C4-D6C2-466E-9A65-95146C7526C4","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"0136733d5dd7d9f4d36f24c87a0b8375ae1cb2fd","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1983-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$5E2C1DD9-E265-47CA-AD0C-32A95220E340","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"dcbe036fc400ce6cf10cc04a65fee9c2cc7c02a7","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/187208","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$6F7969F0-390E-4F6C-B509-C90A1C30DA35","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b0fe555041e8270eddc36bb8e2f271c2748bb60a","datavalue":{"value":"This paper has two types of results. First, there are proved the following theorems about rings of constants of finite dimensional \\(\\partial\\)-Lie algebras of external derivations of rings with positive characteristic:    Theorem 1. Let L be a finite-dimensional \\(\\partial\\)-Lie algebra of external derivations of the prime ring R with positive characteristic. Then the ring of constants \\(R^ L\\) is a left Goldie ring if and only if R is a left Goldie ring.    Theorem 2. Let R be a prime ring. Then \\(Q_ M(R)^ L=Q_ M(R^ L)\\), where \\(Q_ M(B)\\) denotes the two-sided Martindale quotient ring of B and R,L are as in theorem 1.    Similar results for rings of invariants of finite groups were obtained by \\textit{V. K. Kharchenko} [Algebra Logika 16, 313-363 (1977; Zbl 0397.16037)]. Theorem 1 answers Question 2 from \\textit{V. K. Kharchenko} [Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 45, 435-462 (1981; Zbl 0469.16019)].    Secondly the author gives complete answers to the following questions which were formulated by \\textit{I. N. Herstein} [(1): Can. Math. Bull. 21, 369-370 (1978; Zbl 0412.16018)]: (2) J. Algebra 60, 567-574 (1979; Zbl 0436.16014)]:    1) Let R be a prime ring and R satisfies an identity \\(S_ n(d(x_ 1),...,d(x_ n))=0,\\) where d is a non zero derivation on R. Has R the identity \\(S_ n(x_ 1,...,x_ n)=0?\\) 2) Let R be a prime ring, d be a derivation on R such that \\((d(x))^ n=0\\) for an integer \\(n\\geq 1\\). Holds \\(d=0?\\)    Question 1 has answer ''yes'', if \\(n=2\\) [\\textit{I. N. Herstein}, (1)], and ''no'', if \\(n\\geq 9\\) [\\textit{A. Kovacs}, Can. Math. Bull. 22, 339-344 (1979; Zbl 0436.16015)]. Question 2 has answer ''yes'', if d is an inner derivation.    In the paper under review it is proved that the ring of infinite row- finite matrices satisfies the identity \\(S_ 3(d(x_ 1),d(x_ 2),d(x_ 3))\\), where d is an inner derivation, defined by the matrix unit \\(e_{12}\\), yet it is well-known, that this ring not satisfies any identities. Furthermore, there is proved Proposition 3. Let R be a prime ring and d be a derivation on R, which is externel on \\(Q_ M(R)\\). Assume that R satisfies the differential identity \\(S_ n(d(x_ 1),...,d(x_ n))=0,\\) then R satisfies the identity \\(S_ n(x_ 1,...,x_ n).\\)    The following theorem extends the above quoted result of Herstein and gives a complete answer to question 2: Theorem 4. Let R be a prime ring and d be a derivation on R, furthermore, \\((d(x))^ n=0\\) for all \\(x\\in R\\). Then \\(d=0\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$E773F358-C9E1-4B0E-A82E-5EB372EB804E","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"446743b4bc857654a1ded5abcfd1d270ede262f3","datavalue":{"value":"16W20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$56BD06CC-D1D8-4ADB-B5A0-06D64C85A606","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e59e14a36c6115210bce53d0bdee88a8e9f1b628","datavalue":{"value":"16Rxx","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$387D2CD9-72E7-4A8C-B48A-4D49E68BD25A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ba375f6dd7bc9753df368a30fe02aa9c9cff1e50","datavalue":{"value":"16N60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$9FBEBB33-9E2C-47F3-A8CF-010317B16235","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"0b666487b6ad391a0a46662873ea5707743ffc5c","datavalue":{"value":"3853315","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$CB2BC472-6909-4933-AF66-22B23F33151C","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bea64395406bb9d617bd92a49515bdd4b5034741","datavalue":{"value":"rings of constants","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$44E388A6-563F-4263-971E-688920D62C52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9c74e9dcc6490dcf987c0f7c5005710c171f25e4","datavalue":{"value":"external derivations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$F609921B-B255-4DFE-BBCD-469C3EA1AADF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66c7520fe1717cfbb174fd6f4cd4ba3f79ab6585","datavalue":{"value":"finite-dimensional \\(\\partial\\)- Lie algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$28CBE44A-3831-4371-AD11-DC9A0E1DFBAD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"85b9e48fa755e7ab62a681bd0a886a4bdbcc9587","datavalue":{"value":"left Goldie ring","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$AB84F359-C1F5-4565-937E-64E5FBE31F11","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0a1e75341f510212c0189d657fc4f4eb81301c4c","datavalue":{"value":"Martindale quotient ring","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$60A11673-7D45-4D94-AD28-0E977DEFE4D8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4dae92d853494f3ba451d94260560061d4685681","datavalue":{"value":"inner derivation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$2562D4BD-90BE-4C18-85FA-36E927315A70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"14d6a7c45b6fa152c1fa360245eff4f514052fa9","datavalue":{"value":"identities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$06E00939-7212-49FB-BEB2-44F101E894C1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cb1e307e54bd3ef91c256f061d15beba2e62b704","datavalue":{"value":"prime ring","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$16A7DCA8-CFFD-4D34-9C89-B5B6E4411625","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ebf1a3851deff0ddae74d2e63066b4bac663cc9b","datavalue":{"value":"differential identity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$DFF06BBE-B563-4081-AE49-990073096916","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$1E67E057-E75E-4BB0-8E71-3D12318E4EEE","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9942cc28f4bbbe06b5e30591b440b9fc3b90f051","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3922817,"id":"Q3922817"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$A4CFC374-DEE5-4D6C-AB84-AAEFF5B6E990","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"92a1fb50ac4735105cdf653204b39a281e0b83ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4180503,"id":"Q4180503"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$BBE9CD1F-7C72-4E91-9ACA-9E6C8ED09F61","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"070492e58aa0b5086c820af90266ffcbfa92808c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3874360,"id":"Q3874360"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$05A6EBB4-A9EC-4E36-A99D-7B2167B425D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"47c303f9502a8501fbcd91b90c6e255186000993","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1153975,"id":"Q1153975"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$223C21CC-6B57-4183-B2E3-167C143DA34E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6af1c7dff5ab16674b1fce1977072653e09bf1d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4186484,"id":"Q4186484"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$574F2E09-F228-48E0-8A69-89CABD7C5C0E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1c54266cb64928f68f60bd4557022a51f897ce4b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4200337,"id":"Q4200337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$82C2AE5D-BFF9-467D-AC74-E923589ED7E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"96ba479640feea2b0d503249155365edf8eeb6ab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1140703,"id":"Q1140703"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$A05F55CE-2986-45F3-BD83-83E34EFE9AC0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d254c413bf0ac23f4bd065823cfb02fa4775db6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5639810,"id":"Q5639810"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$B961E786-8FD7-43D4-B3E0-584F9A168ADC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c588a810d07f19bf4399b2cfc35b29a99ecaaba2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2532814,"id":"Q2532814"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$25D30B89-FBEF-45D9-B79A-4D3DE3F87F69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c361931b3b50b79c89cd1ba83d090823933c323a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3876072,"id":"Q3876072"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$9E876988-661E-4E3B-A01E-CD00C22D79E1","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"3a9ec8fc8ad63324391693450d379622f9abf543","datavalue":{"value":"W2061341861","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792435$35D1BA8F-07D4-43B1-A56F-57AED8CDCA29","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0cd34f9c1c39c731b5a1cf0df1a6c2d5ea04d6ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3762465,"id":"Q3762465"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1e33564c2ba8e168f5be71eb84b5cef837526b83","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8642557859420776","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792435$707E30BF-0A60-47A5-A7D9-471B20465C3D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"553989381593223e0714027c9d8445b1de4d53c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5426266,"id":"Q5426266"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f14f300a48e0e9a1399ed3b06018262f1e6c3bd4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8576847910881042","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792435$C17BBB6E-ADDA-463C-B304-8A602091824F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"babc88f563ce466a16143ccd13c7dd96f61933cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5325710,"id":"Q5325710"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c057bf029c3ffcc9adf0614c71254849efc6d549","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.852139949798584","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792435$91EF6AC6-3803-4FDD-A0DE-42B5A52DADBC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"793fb445b5e1f60b13002389a04c6febe7a26484","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":690074,"id":"Q690074"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"30dbd2fab4dddf9278d147d1c3f3d6403303e103","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8467133641242981","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792435$0F9845AA-F64B-41B9-A4D7-473D442AFEC1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e0cb7803b8432e3148fd8bb6bc43f272243ebf83","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3344102,"id":"Q3344102"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d77cced3bf8ba8b4177ece886631518025d3184c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8454260230064392","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792435$14AE2DF4-4BB6-4E2A-8E77-F98305BFBA3C","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Derivations of prime rings","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Derivations_of_prime_rings"}}}}}