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In this paper we give a similar characterization of arbitrary Teichm\u00fcller spaces. We introduce a new class of ''marked families'' of (not necessarily compact) Riemann surfaces, and we show that every Teichm\u00fcller space is the base space of a marked family with an appropriate universal property.  A marked family of Riemann surfaces is defined by a pair of connected complex Banach manifolds V and B and a surjective holomorphic map \\(\\pi\\) :\\(V\\to B\\) with special local trivializations: given any \\(t_ 0\\in B\\) there are a Riemann surface X, an open neighborhood U of \\(t_ 0\\), and homeomorphisms f of \\(U\\times X\\) onto \\(\\pi^{-1}(U)\\) such that \\(\\pi(f(t,x))=t\\) for all (t,x)\\(\\in U\\times X\\). These homeomorphisms f have additional properties, the most important of which is that the map \\(t\\mapsto f(t,x)\\) from U into V is holomorphic for each x in X. 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