{"entities":{"Q792992":{"pageid":794840,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q792992","lastrevid":48702952,"modified":"2026-01-05T16:12:29Z","type":"item","id":"Q792992","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Confirmation of a conjecture of Peter of Spain concerning question- begging arguments"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3855052"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$EF18C062-CE1E-44AC-B2E3-2739E69E404F","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4715206736f7a4331aef2ec25c12f3723358cfa2","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Confirmation of a conjecture of Peter of Spain concerning question- begging arguments","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$B9E60E17-B916-40FB-886D-88B90959467F","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a6a1eee51861a859e575467bf6ba3456b08d41d6","datavalue":{"value":"0538.03002","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$1F647185-5366-4EC9-932F-B834398854CD","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"90e35e17c520d652bb5a6c2b4add4f4ce0e63b45","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF00297576","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$CC43E109-BA0B-49E7-A612-D407313E2A87","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e692f569038e7bcb7d3e72ba14d8d8e224046270","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169434,"id":"Q169434"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$52CE3C8C-0CCE-4263-A21A-74074BD65C27","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"2ee0f220147ae8bc749a64db56839865dbc4f127","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1984-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$CD809676-4082-4318-9A05-4DAF4E738656","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"4e6aa0c556b875b5400771d2336b6dcdc14c6d31","datavalue":{"value":"Peter of Spain remarked in the thirteenth century [Summulae Logicales vii 54 (Roma, 1947)] that the fallacy of begging the question does not prevent an inferring syllogism, but only a probative syllogism. Unfortunately he did not elaborate on the distinction between inferring and probative arguments. In this paper, his suggestion is developed to show that the traditional, intuitive concept of begging the question, when analysed formally, does provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for the probative failure of an inferentially valid argument.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$E707376A-AEE3-4670-9D1D-88657E4F402A","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48a2830216eefdc24b89ba9895c8f20366f6740d","datavalue":{"value":"03A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$F58DD68A-D709-4B47-BDD1-5FB227207158","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"69857a7e3d09eda8bb1dbd6f935a71ed4a612adc","datavalue":{"value":"3855052","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$1E3E4C7F-8EC2-4AC0-BA5F-DDAC9DF81A86","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b0c1f8ecbef520debe4ed65c00c0dc97890c1127","datavalue":{"value":"proof","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$4D81251D-47A3-4176-88F2-84223612CE4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2bd9d67707919285e3da03410c7d6459473c74d5","datavalue":{"value":"dialogue","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$E984855A-0A48-4B86-B3EE-E988AE93C852","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"eb8c44a5965e1f5d7b7afd5ddfb6f7e2d918b65e","datavalue":{"value":"fallacy","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$337B26D4-7D6A-489B-916A-5BE382815CE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b584241324d616425657e8a96560222f78dcfc5f","datavalue":{"value":"inferring syllogism","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$C55D625A-B4C1-43EB-A556-4EE4EDE359B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"285da8620992fd578a6304c0d5f0078cad7aea9e","datavalue":{"value":"probative syllogism","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$57FFA7AD-7966-41CD-A579-A03E303A67A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c24945ca862b2fcc76b790dabdc462b1353e99df","datavalue":{"value":"begging the question","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$50DC5D02-9201-4031-943A-8D95B9F849CE","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ce2b5c22f2c263b091e2fbbf773d6eee9e1261f4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1234661,"id":"Q1234661"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$448B87F3-0C0D-4DEF-9363-B12125B901F2","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$EC712064-558D-4B87-993B-464D47C36811","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"365d625edf5e3e3924fbe34f3b06f980fcc3763a","datavalue":{"value":"Q123012192","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$B678AF88-4CB5-4340-AFFA-A07403DBAF87","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"817742b407190c430423eff6cae6f9005df589eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5829775,"id":"Q5829775"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$E60B1998-05B7-41CF-A7C2-545FF557A92C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"a82b2dde55cca5d7b30975b1d0bcf5cf02237f43","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00297576","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$5597956E-319D-447F-B731-C2E23B76CE0E","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"3b280102aa352971af276d341cc0e7fdd00ebcf3","datavalue":{"value":"W2078772188","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q792992$71ECC427-F4F3-45F7-B128-6D0714BD9F21","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"955717bb8dd6f49cbcd5e5e605b0ba630ee05963","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1802399,"id":"Q1802399"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bb946591a5e33a0db97baabc22dd19e227895649","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8989827632904053","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792992$D72B42A4-C7B0-445B-B88D-6E0D6F393630","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9755bb9c7d4d594c17043bd083f9089d4b95442a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1292999,"id":"Q1292999"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b1eed03ffe1cd6caa7c042170b94e760dcea9ab8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8989824652671814","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792992$A98E9F0C-9195-4AAF-AECC-327D1470001C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6f45a53dba141b51770024c2841c09e7577c9636","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4821864,"id":"Q4821864"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0b3cbcdba6582dd2d53684ca318da0ee20d21d15","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7699362635612488","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792992$CE39E91F-E9A9-4C11-97D2-4A8C117D8AFD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a1cffaa344744e8c2d50b152411251c5230014eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2054136,"id":"Q2054136"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"90b11fd756c0494c9605026c186769f31aa2c5d7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.745612621307373","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792992$3F88AAFA-5AB2-4EF7-B776-A9C6E1420CF7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d7d41fccfabf1faa84a8ad3d29c6acfbc8e38deb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":707898,"id":"Q707898"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ec035abd8323a7039d16218ffb80b11f20d33017","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7351840138435364","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q792992$E6946102-21AB-4758-BF4C-651A6CB70A3F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:792992","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:792992"}}}}}