{"entities":{"Q795831":{"pageid":797679,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q795831","lastrevid":64398984,"modified":"2026-04-11T19:36:29Z","type":"item","id":"Q795831","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Unary Borel functions and second-order arithmetic"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3863193"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$E144851C-E90A-418F-9C71-D593DA8F5D5F","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d18d048a9bc8482f3b9f9229d46b33040f49e66d","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Unary Borel functions and second-order arithmetic","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$CBAF16A9-95D9-43DE-A008-C37259EAED41","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d6b6708f77446861e718ad12dc7bc44bbf0e6786","datavalue":{"value":"0543.03034","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$0C5495C3-6CE6-4A71-B2B5-25CE80D0D0F8","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9f917c16eef05a197af2604a16094f091edb050b","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0001-8708(83)90037-3","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$D0C03437-5639-42B7-A377-80D4AD9ACF42","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"4db7d460ffc6b3e0069ff40b20b2755df97aa354","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":196044,"id":"Q196044"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$63287441-7FC2-4E6C-AF68-307846D6F549","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"87fedd43d9515b94c7651de65777aba7be17422f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165833,"id":"Q165833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$AB3455D8-8A70-4E85-8C1D-061A1083CA00","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"0136733d5dd7d9f4d36f24c87a0b8375ae1cb2fd","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1983-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$7F0A464F-7D1A-44F6-B87C-CA9CC2BDEA6D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c6094d17fd24507ca4b7eb7017029e32f898128f","datavalue":{"value":"In the paper statements of descriptive set theory are considered which are provable in third order arithmetic and are not provable in second order arithmetic \\(Z_ 2\\). These are mainly the following statements: Proposition A. There is a Borel function from \\(2^{\\omega}\\) to \\(2^{\\omega}\\) such that for all shift invariant Borel functions \\(G:2^{\\omega}\\to 2^{\\omega}\\) (i.e. satisfying \\(G(sx)=G(x)\\) for all x where \\(s(x)(n)=x(n+1))\\) we have \\(F(x)=G(x)\\) somewhere. Proposition E. There is a Borel function \\(F:S\\to S\\) (where S is the group of addition modulo 1 at \\(<0,1))\\) such that for all Borel functions \\(G:S\\to S,\\) if for all integers \\(r>0\\), \\(G(rx)=G(x)\\), then \\(G(x)=F(x)\\) somewhere.    Thus the statements in question are a kind of Borel diagonalization theorems for functions defined on the Cantor space \\(2^{\\omega}\\) or on the circle group.    Proposition A is proved in third order arithmetic using a forcing argument. Proposition E is reduced to Proposition A. To prove that A and E are not provable in \\(Z_ 2\\), it is shown that both A and E imply the existence of an \\(\\omega\\)-model of \\(Z_ 2\\). In fact they are equivalent (in third order arithmetic) to ''for every countable subset \\(A\\subseteq {\\mathcal L}_{\\omega_ 1,\\omega}\\) there is an \\(\\omega\\)-model of second order comprehension for formulas (with parameters) in A''. The proof of the last theorem is again a diagonalization argument based on the fact that the ''shift'' of x has the same Turing degree as x.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$C1A9D087-2782-4088-857D-1DFBD7B82921","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3636caf529c49b2a7d814c7a65de2b21aedf761","datavalue":{"value":"03E15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$2163812B-428D-4C05-99CA-79569B8DC404","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"978a9c6c7b5863e453fe2ebbfde24bcd07365124","datavalue":{"value":"3863193","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$99F4B4D7-1876-44AB-96C9-76DEDFE72C21","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f385836c0aa5e098d6ace403c309ca2ca18dcc9b","datavalue":{"value":"provability","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$C770CA16-8E7F-4F4D-BDE8-81135FEB0CD5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"059a70a69343661852f094ce717bd20e027b8f0b","datavalue":{"value":"omega model","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$EDF32472-7D4B-4486-80D2-368F28AE808E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b352e54db8a3e647337c0789c8e850eb076db433","datavalue":{"value":"statements of descriptive set theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$5C7A20DC-3E4D-4090-8AE9-80C78F0F5059","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9a58a6decb5a6f38092bcd4141f52abee83ab613","datavalue":{"value":"third order arithmetic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$FCB46DDD-631A-4772-B133-A6FAABE7F2B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"412978e917aa6faab6974f8754d702b872c51bd4","datavalue":{"value":"second order arithmetic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$8762045A-393E-463A-B03A-F9ACE2073404","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6cc5818725a4c4c184043f0c57dc79f2066dfbbe","datavalue":{"value":"Borel functions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$3788B4C3-4DC6-48E3-9C66-6FDCD35337F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fe482273e305293356e93ecadbd9b1e669ce0e52","datavalue":{"value":"diagonalization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$01EF252D-4499-44E6-B096-A82E1B8D58AF","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$CE58E135-FC9C-4638-8F54-7B6DC8E4630F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"fbb51850b5f423a5ef10b068d2398664e8f7441e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8708(83)90037-3","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$2DFE9238-E7E2-45C1-924A-D607195E4D33","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"6b73b7e7ba02f3dc2c1e74b026a8168ae5f5e78f","datavalue":{"value":"W2043070162","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$B7D4A4B5-9155-4F2C-A9D8-9015A2F0B028","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0842236f0f9c6282c7fbe6f5512cae3e61d9ccae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4111536,"id":"Q4111536"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q795831$50882F58-D431-4F92-B5F9-1F5F24455C7F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6255b993fc18f7d45217dddbdd5b0b8c919cd448","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1182484,"id":"Q1182484"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4bdebf218bf458c817d598254bd1d17ff0c7f908","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7740676403045654","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q795831$74B0C5A0-F3BA-45E1-B4D4-7F47C28B095A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"15978ee46f154c058a13299f51b4fb9d5983739b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3116522,"id":"Q3116522"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ec4594960d92d6655b86284f173944ece4e28522","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7734162211418152","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q795831$5C713F15-3DD0-490C-A10A-76DAEBD7437D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e6a8a7b3a81348e7f9788dfd70810e22fc114249","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3138013,"id":"Q3138013"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"29597e3c7d387a8eb94434877a4ac2b30f658b87","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7267456650733948","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q795831$7BAF6C20-8AB7-45A1-AA69-18435B556E40","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"25bfe8bdd0b78e0ac7e8c058086eb74f73e64646","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3445674,"id":"Q3445674"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"27414a347a755d3b20969fd7e55070bcdeb823b9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7241426706314087","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q795831$7F951366-0E69-471A-8272-A9008E5D5EDC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d3ec2f715712ff52c9e3f04ba3b3fe92d4437ef2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5702665,"id":"Q5702665"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5afbfd38af9231efdf5f245a97330fe9f96dd003","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7213112711906433","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q795831$815BB43F-25B0-459D-B372-046EE8B4FD8F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Unary Borel functions and second-order arithmetic","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Unary_Borel_functions_and_second-order_arithmetic"}}}}}