{"entities":{"Q811527":{"pageid":813375,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q811527","lastrevid":64547958,"modified":"2026-04-11T20:37:51Z","type":"item","id":"Q811527","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Hamiltonian systems, Lagrangian tori and Birkhoff's theorem"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4215960"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$7577659F-DF26-4383-833A-59B302B1A49B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"173555be11cf6de0df9a5e1d09bbc481d80931cd","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Hamiltonian systems, Lagrangian tori and Birkhoff's theorem","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$E4FF2EBC-39C5-4A9A-BEF8-9AD36384E738","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"9b60f0a9874da816fbcc8eddf76e8fcf172c648d","datavalue":{"value":"0735.58016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$EBADCF03-C91C-48A8-9BBB-865BA92C9A3D","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"40d72b6a13e4b43008b7b518c7a55198aba1b4b6","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01444639","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$B9975580-EFED-4A4E-8C37-9D6E28E99B3E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ce279c313c7bd79f5de42d8812a43a6eb9454101","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":375767,"id":"Q375767"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$586082A6-30B1-4906-813E-032727912B4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b656157f90c1a692fbefd5aa0e4c439fc48636b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":411327,"id":"Q411327"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$950576DF-9E72-4E70-B1A2-9D6559AAC508","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7016073dc3661ad2b8fcf740b72e135f31d59f23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166142,"id":"Q166142"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$D2E99337-4957-45B8-A05E-9AC2B17D38F4","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"ebf2f83ceb66feb8490ae2b363c9cada085a3535","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1992-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$6AA8FC54-52A8-4910-BC9C-0A19B6A7E95B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"fe85df2bdfbe470dad5a46354b27dee4926dc581","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/164932","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$2E8FABB6-154E-4001-B41C-9FE3D9007A4C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"4d8e36e39c3b2fa97be1e44cc8a7657dc42120b1","datavalue":{"value":"Consider the cotangent bundle \\(T^*{\\mathbb{T}}^ n\\) of the \\(n\\)-dimensional torus endowed with the standard symplectic structure. A Hamiltonian flow on \\(T^*{\\mathbb{T}}^ n\\) is called optical if it is generated by a time- periodic fibrewise strictly convex Hamiltonian function. In this paper we study smooth Lagrangian tori invariant under a symplectic diffeomorphism \\(A\\) of \\(T^*{\\mathbb{T}}^ n\\) which can be represented as time-one map of an optical Hamiltonian flow. Our main result states that such a Lagrangian torus, say \\(L\\), is a section of the cotangent bundle if the following conditions hold -- \\(L\\) is homologous to the zero section of the cotangent bundle -- The suspension of \\(A\\mid L\\) admits no transversal codimension \\(1\\) cycles homologous to zero.   In particular the last condition is satisfied if \\(A\\mid L\\) is chain recurrent.   This result is a high-dimensional version of the classical second Birkhoff's theorem on invariant curves of twist area-preserving maps of the annulus. We discuss also possible generalizations of twist condition and a theorem of J. Moser on representation of symplectic twist maps as time one maps of optical Hamiltonian flows.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$145DFEB1-E02C-4DF9-B15D-0E9806408507","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a44fd03eeef0733c39b30aed9a989c2d7856128e","datavalue":{"value":"37J99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$5422BA4F-ECF9-49DF-8988-C4557E1BA8AA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c8d648180ce89c070359c6d68de7e8d2be42aded","datavalue":{"value":"53C15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$3D8259CD-40D3-4D40-9D6D-E38671DA36CB","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"178c003f5bc1d7e24c1f6868d1d4987b4443617a","datavalue":{"value":"4215960","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$61420A67-EEA3-4B9B-9990-08402912770B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"670c9a173b846caa47568a6f1454578875cf51b4","datavalue":{"value":"Lagrangian tori","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$9FC660F5-6BAD-44EF-9241-66CD63B4767B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a8fe8de8976d49ec0ca1696435def4b7987af54f","datavalue":{"value":"Hamiltonian flow","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$E5362313-736E-44C7-804C-A2EA77F43C53","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c003db40b43f6631da188920b1dad32226b1cbdc","datavalue":{"value":"Birkhoff's theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$DE3E8A2C-87F3-4464-9DD2-4119D6BDD894","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c1a003e103e4900abf88041de8b86ce6834d20e6","datavalue":{"value":"symplectic twist maps","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$AF830E0E-E53C-4BBD-9FFE-E91BA020C889","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"dc435d655f4ff2d41eddec3e282c36d5f80311a0","datavalue":{"value":"symplectic manifold","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$4429090C-B54E-42A9-943D-3710BFB8B678","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"22f52d6bc8db571dc8c468e2f750fe8e65c82ac1","datavalue":{"value":"Lagrangian submanifold","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$40116420-A426-433D-BDD1-8F4BED5658C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"15eda28664ba5cd7f87e84067ace163f50cd16fc","datavalue":{"value":"Hamiltonian system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$D7F5A1CA-202B-4544-B82C-51D98ED22350","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$19682710-6AF8-4F6F-8168-D0EEE99716E5","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"960487f1c18181c8a7bb3fd6a9bf742e563c822f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4692740,"id":"Q4692740"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$0F7AAB02-7FF1-42C7-B764-B2A8A1C6B718","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"713984ec8c60162171020b494bea2a6a7e24f1ac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3794920,"id":"Q3794920"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$0B163E79-7014-41B5-9DB7-B4F4FE66FA5C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"68428c5d8b773e61089df63b700807ad97287016","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1122197,"id":"Q1122197"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$3F5BF3E5-5748-4367-B6DF-47460D63BB7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e4b225a8ef195b912c71d583cca351eca345a729","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":919347,"id":"Q919347"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$F9ECCB0C-5CB3-4A05-8F99-1F1C15C84D69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f984ca412abdeed7ab1412e384e1f2a0f70161b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3198569,"id":"Q3198569"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$C502D88C-75D6-4C3A-844D-05F5D2A3E381","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b641ac892888be812096768daf6d0f021eaed2ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2638621,"id":"Q2638621"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$1DDD2B7B-DA7B-485D-BC86-D1DE45FEAA85","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b81b0b3f1f57b6460defee5a04f2314d180679cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1174606,"id":"Q1174606"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$6D565765-918B-4BC4-8DAD-92529C3F28E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6c32da53807665db989c4eb701c8bb7031ec1c44","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3221077,"id":"Q3221077"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$A8E24BDF-A7C5-4034-8FF4-DD6264A1933A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5d671a4d848b4e9609a326e82338855516b4de5d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":913337,"id":"Q913337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$46EBB30D-F36F-43C3-824D-048728286E5A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"66f0bba9e832126aa53d6bfd13ea60615a984142","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3477697,"id":"Q3477697"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$4E616526-CBAB-4A2E-B84B-F5254C3F4CF9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"082441b8477d2c936f9c6ef1d6d1338a8d87a2fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3756063,"id":"Q3756063"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$ECCEE285-69E6-419B-B251-3FCB7DD50B96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"992619efd4de5fa6a11291be6d4a0e8d4f218907","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5751520,"id":"Q5751520"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$0E56FA26-DD6C-4849-BB95-4D79E3370B4F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b488bc9fc8981f3026f83d317f3c58d86559d7f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3974493,"id":"Q3974493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$F48C4510-0DC5-459D-832F-5772E658B17D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9097a8f6bf4950145fec4c4d9babb28022bcda9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1050668,"id":"Q1050668"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$12929817-E0BB-4CBE-91AE-184DC4E47865","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3dae8351bb635ecb83f95a0f351002a419fe898c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1229494,"id":"Q1229494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$E527B4E8-6734-4B52-A6BC-5119166C8673","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bef2c7eb45a979bc3b64a603192ab64b49ffb3d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":803611,"id":"Q803611"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q811527$E5D9ED46-D8F4-4852-84A8-911721C8EF7E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"28d9874587066e1f180cbe699547ee90226530cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3974493,"id":"Q3974493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e55cc694b046032078d4133c029c14794db7a1c8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8914282321929932","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q811527$6751EEDF-E703-4998-802A-9762603B363E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4f3c9d1ea333303aeb88d70f50d2859da010c5cc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1825491,"id":"Q1825491"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4204262ea0287d0d06af4a2fecacda3d414ee6be","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8444895148277283","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q811527$250C088A-A643-4F83-8F8E-0A9269345E18","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"86f61fede742ccf16f237c0942bdb6f7d9e9e0ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1339241,"id":"Q1339241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5baf19eb39f650f6876e93a2e73f5eb0c80764bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7891802787780762","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q811527$4055C262-AC2D-4568-A2A9-E876A33BEA8C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"91f896ca86c49af8f486b351eed9b7d8f9bf0b28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2491164,"id":"Q2491164"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e293b855fefce283a16873f7b8f5347762f32ee7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7858508229255676","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q811527$3F78A5D3-E717-4458-920D-44E964FB2456","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fc852e953619443d83a8557b5ad34e87c0776805","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1200022,"id":"Q1200022"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"22fddb38411ec86ac3f79b10f7d71930395afda8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.785839855670929","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q811527$86E910D1-574E-407F-8D4C-B36A36A27333","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Hamiltonian systems, Lagrangian tori and Birkhoff's theorem","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Hamiltonian_systems,_Lagrangian_tori_and_Birkhoff%27s_theorem"}}}}}