Optimal eigenvalues estimate for the Dirac operator on domains with boundary (Q812968)

Four elliptic boundary conditions for the Dirac operator \(D\) of a compact domain \(\Omega\) in an \(n\)-dimensional Riemannian spin manifold \((N^{n}, g)\), whose boundary is denoted by \(\partial \Omega\) [see \textit{C. Hijazi, S. Montiel} and \textit{A. Roldán}, Commun. Math. Phys. 231, 375--390 (2002; Zbl 1018.58020)]. Under the APS, CHI and mAPS boundary conditions, the spectrum of the Dirac operator of the domain \(\Omega\) is a sequence of unbounded real numbers \(\{\lambda_{k}| k \in \mathbb{Z}\}\) satisfying \(\lambda_{k}^{2} \geq \frac{n}{4(n-1)}R_{0}\), where \(R_{0}\) is the infimum of the scalar curvature of the domain \(\Omega\). In the case of MIT boundary condition, the spectrum of the Dirac operator on \(\Omega\) is an unbounded discrete set of complex numbers with positive imaginary part satisfying \(| \lambda^{MIT}| ^{2} > \frac{n}{4(n-1)}R_{0}\), if the mean curvature \(H\) of the boundary is non-negative. The problem of improving the last inequality in order to obtain some boundary geometric invariants occurred. The author uses a modification of the spinorial Levi-Civita connection which leads him to a spinorial Reilly-type formula. This formula can be seen as a hyperbolic version of the Reilly inequality. The main result of this paper is: {Let \(\Omega\) be a compact domain of an \(n\)-dimensional Riemannian spin manifold \((N^{n},g)\) whose boundary \(\partial \Omega\) satisfies \(H>0\). Under the MIT boundary condition \(\mathbb{B}_{MIT}^{-}\), the spectrum of the classical Dirac operator \(D\) is an unbounded discrete set of complex numbers with positive imaginary part. Any eigenvalue \(\lambda^{MIT}\) satisfies \(| \lambda^{MIT}| ^{2} > \frac{n}{4(n-1)}R_{0} + n \text{Im\,} (\lambda^ {MIT}) H_{0}\), where \(H_{0}\) is the infimum of the mean curvature of the boundary. Moreover, equality holds if and only if the associated eigenspinor is an immaginary Killing spinor on \(\Omega\) and if the boundary \(\partial \Omega\) is a totally umbilical hypersurface with constant mean curvature.} Further, if the boundary of the compact domain \(\Omega\) is connected, it is proved that there is no manifold satisfying the equality case in the last inequality.