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Let \\((r_n)\\) be a sequence of strictly positive real numbers such that \\(r_{n+T} = r_n\\), for all \\(n \\in \\mathbb{Z}\\). The authors consider the fourth-order difference equation  \\[  \\Delta^2(r_{n-2} \\Delta^2 x_{n-2}) + f(n, x_n) = 0, \\quad n \\in \\mathbb{Z} \\tag{1}  \\]  where \\(\\Delta\\) denotes the forward difference operator \\(\\Delta (x_n) = x_{n+1}-x_n\\). By using a linking theorem the authors deduce new criteria concerning the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions of the fourth-order difference equation 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