{"entities":{"Q841363":{"pageid":843211,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q841363","lastrevid":64741314,"modified":"2026-04-11T21:55:07Z","type":"item","id":"Q841363","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The two-dimensional Keller-Segel model after blow-up"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5604161"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$CB3C5663-81D7-42D5-B7E5-517F5D16193C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4d9b429f0b8d8fc1db5249b560e874edb85ed5dc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The two-dimensional Keller-Segel model after blow-up","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$AF72EEA3-EDE0-4179-96CE-52762802C427","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"28b0f2ec07872c597f1f162a1daf70825f1f98a8","datavalue":{"value":"1180.35131","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$400EC50C-DF37-493D-9E86-578A27DE78FC","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c9b0ab3fc9653a5d7ddcb43fe7605cf30e36ec9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":196781,"id":"Q196781"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$0901F657-4B92-4D18-8F83-837DB0B9CAAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc6ea2feca391678b0c192f4ed7e7471d97858ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":321604,"id":"Q321604"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$9063048C-4F34-4F6E-BD24-C3BCD0B8F342","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"12360f81ee541e586ca46b53d6a0b87af7080802","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":187060,"id":"Q187060"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$E65EDEA5-E57B-465B-95EF-ED5F46E61110","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"2f9b08106b643663817ed55317721e6f770024d7","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2009-09-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$BC1BB974-170B-4D5A-B11F-B158B7CFDDED","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c2e20c096df03ea044df92cb92ee28292933b83a","datavalue":{"value":"It is now well known that the (nonnegative) solution \\(\\rho\\) to the two-dimensional parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel system (or Smoluchowski-Poisson equation)   \\[ \\partial_t \\rho+\\nabla\\cdot(\\rho\\nabla S- \\nabla\\rho)= 0, \\quad x\\in\\mathbb R^2, \\;t>0, \\]   \\[ S(x,t)= -\\frac{1}{2\\pi} \\int_{\\mathbb R^2} \\log{(|x-y|)}\\;\\varrho(y,t)\\, dy, \\]   blows up in finite time when the initial condition \\(\\rho_0\\) is such that \\(\\|\\rho_0\\|_1>8\\pi\\). Such a singular behaviour no longer arises if \\(S\\) is replaced by   \\[  S_\\varepsilon(x,t)= -\\frac{1}{2\\pi} \\int_{\\mathbb R^2} \\log(|x-y|+\\varepsilon) \\rho(y,t) \\,dy \\]   for some \\(\\varepsilon>0\\), and the corresponding equation has a global solution \\(\\rho_\\varepsilon\\). As \\((\\rho_\\varepsilon)_\\varepsilon\\) is bounded in \\(L^\\infty(0,\\infty; L^1(\\mathbb R^2))\\), it has at least a measure-valued (weak) cluster point \\(\\rho\\) (as \\(\\varepsilon\\to 0\\)) defined for all times and the question investigated is whether it provides a solution (in a suitable weak sense) to the original equation, in particular after the blowup time. It is shown that \\(\\rho\\) solves a generalized version of the original equation which involves a matrix-valued defect measure \\(\\nu\\) and the support of the trace of \\(\\nu\\) is included in the support of the atomic part of \\(\\rho\\). Assuming further that \\(\\rho\\) can be written as \\(\\rho=\\bar{\\rho}+\\hat{\\rho}\\) with \\(\\bar{\\rho}(t)\\in L^1(\\mathbb R^2)\\) and \\(\\hat{\\rho}(t) = \\sum_{n=1}^N M_n(t) \\delta_{x_n(t)}\\) for smooth functions \\((M_n)_n\\) and \\((x_n)_n\\), an evolution system is derived for \\((M_n,x_n)_n\\). Finally, some properties of the profile of \\(\\rho(t)\\) near an atom of \\(\\rho(t)\\) are discussed.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$8D882726-844B-4381-AA95-396A5DEBF904","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"a0c26872d9924f66df6ce5bf51e23dbc6ca34bc0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168014,"id":"Q168014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$ADA3C473-B9C5-4715-9E0E-7AA906D79C53","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"23ace10f27d0e0408d02a4ed90344d232b0586c4","datavalue":{"value":"35B44","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$F990394E-F77B-4FF2-B0AD-ECFD66A27E94","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bd142e1f37cc363860bb4afdf701c63256313c87","datavalue":{"value":"92C17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$1A71593D-D911-4029-A4B9-77E723217157","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"07e1636ba1bbf7a3890bb41846f53adac5e878d6","datavalue":{"value":"35R09","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$7F51C8A7-C5C0-4015-87DD-705C15B74D25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"768ebd5a337c4ef000f167e7bca176a13e57258f","datavalue":{"value":"35K15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$0B9F21FC-E4E5-4A94-A01A-D09059E6EE50","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"49411a2c8620b440e23f195dfccf8b594d1d0521","datavalue":{"value":"35K59","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$57CCCCC0-EE7B-4CE8-B348-14EF2ECC76EA","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"0c88f39de0a592b0f66dff95ab0eefd17487e819","datavalue":{"value":"5604161","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$E3E6AFE1-FEFF-4410-8FD6-5E195086A7A3","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"241d500b698ec5373d1452a72350547a03200db7","datavalue":{"value":"measure-valued solution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$C249B0F6-F17A-44F1-A218-EC1DE98DED54","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7ee7c0f425aad4cf3eed6be8c72c24a243f4eacf","datavalue":{"value":"continuation after blowup","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$425BB11B-7169-456A-A326-C810A9EDBAC3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"53db84c4f804f49256bfbaa97fccd6cd4f98c34e","datavalue":{"value":"defect measure","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$698C03F8-4A1D-4914-9418-8AA49D61AE9B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"512132c9651f2cd117bcf021c685cbe5b3923b93","datavalue":{"value":"Smoluchowski-Poisson equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$4104E41F-1968-4ECA-9B66-24974F192379","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"f20951783ab144aff6aadd5a31724de859fb4ecd","datavalue":{"value":"Q62568236","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$6DB8B69D-B16D-4F72-BF33-9900F99990FB","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$CFADDD62-D0E1-4CDA-9F0C-7866A9053109","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"19f2d6c1fe06506646407974aa5fd2c2c80a79f0","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2009.25.109","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$BEF9704E-3266-49AA-B5E2-C4627C287624","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"dd0fcbe0ae7f8604d48d83fc665ef743d9093384","datavalue":{"value":"W3095900546","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$D82CA030-CD6C-4B6D-BD7C-D0F9512CAE5D","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0d1b890106b41fb688cda8953f02a66a1f6d708d","datavalue":{"value":"10.3934/DCDS.2009.25.109","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$B859463F-43F6-4E71-98C5-FAD34D5F1332","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"486309da9a48350794cf1abf0a62b2d66290e58c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4524681,"id":"Q4524681"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"39e804f682200abd5ddb1ec769bbbb4bd49b6952","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9238539","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$F6831E46-6308-4A51-A199-C46E78066E67","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"45ee3952314f73bb3591562605fc3e457ce885ac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":936496,"id":"Q936496"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e83dcfa5bf8f8d732adb3883522a9c16cc1b9d4f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.91718996","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$F188AE71-3603-4274-B080-71D1F6C4131D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a44251fe945574077d95aacc210b489d17ee832e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":423403,"id":"Q423403"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0ca1cc9c3792ba59a649d2d851bbd4903ac3ff36","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.91132474","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$12C8EC3C-DA28-4126-88E6-58EEF9FA08F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f9fbe1a0c4c2b8dc32f60c6ab3eaaa0707ebf24b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":875289,"id":"Q875289"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5b9e3179892f2863884190cde24c3a5b1bb238c5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9106709","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$AE522A34-4D72-49A2-B4AD-E11B9926EC77","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b68ca14bea825f34e3b06059e5d4d2e4abe6ffd7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3431715,"id":"Q3431715"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7705e67fb491aaf999ec434053daadd57d396529","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90928507","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$B320A1D2-C802-4EFC-8E66-7FE4E8555DDD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b11e75993b932989d892757aed5430e6db1c3d55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3174633,"id":"Q3174633"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7b45ee7f8b4e8a9f2fa082fde071030b72c26da0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90795815","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$C3A90380-9507-4E7E-AD26-42251D463C0C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"88959a40392d34b3c1d418fcf4358b137a0a97a0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":329692,"id":"Q329692"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9164fc91b6e5d6209b93e7631cdafe13398ae4f1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9026972","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$97F78465-1C1D-46F2-AE95-97027E1311C3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"be1d889553954f6eeb8914289666e0dbffa9b6e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2411135,"id":"Q2411135"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ab9c2e764395ec9668eb249efe7bcd657dd60035","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8968929","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$A37F9AA9-A602-443D-B2DC-CC039C9F1317","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"799468fed4004bd1509c726caa5643d9666112c7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":932066,"id":"Q932066"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"251ce4cef4a639fd3b27c677f3203e8d169f4884","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8959546","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$D646EEEE-8394-4A05-8A2C-8BE0C366C169","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dfec7f6047af6c44f927cee83d6cb69089ee7c32","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1926066,"id":"Q1926066"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"622616edddeff4bdb77df4b3cea9fd9255b8d440","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89262456","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q841363$126B6459-8003-45E9-A7DB-DF993E81A93E","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q841363$D5C6F510-73C4-4D70-9129-64459FFE8938","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The two-dimensional Keller-Segel model after blow-up","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_two-dimensional_Keller-Segel_model_after_blow-up"}}}}}