{"entities":{"Q851474":{"pageid":853322,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q851474","lastrevid":64828956,"modified":"2026-04-11T22:30:27Z","type":"item","id":"Q851474","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Iwasawa descent and co-descent for units modulo circular units. With an appendix by J.-R. Belliard."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5074490"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$19AC82DA-84BD-4BDE-9AA4-9438877E5D08","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"1695fcc51a0bed5a754a8a4a542095312a6a6003","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Iwasawa descent and co-descent for units modulo circular units. With an appendix by J.-R. Belliard.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$FF8D7612-8E47-40FF-8329-69F333306B0C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"75887402c3ab8a4a8e75fb71e93c370a534a94a4","datavalue":{"value":"1129.11047","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$DA6EBBBD-EDC5-4720-9E2E-1F21C9746576","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6a41f4108d8300115081a2933434e002ce9bbd24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":851473,"id":"Q851473"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$36889C5E-9D93-4A2D-93D6-7EBCC7B01332","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0424b804b6c0462a294ad996ef9a1af8eac1e579","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":204772,"id":"Q204772"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$BF8CB15E-1A9A-4E91-A2F3-51AD347B69A8","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"12f40850d5344b832934d40c986ed7bb5e36295a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":315559,"id":"Q315559"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$DD2169C6-7DBA-4E3A-9035-2C486B98516E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d4e5404bd82e0784b557b1e990085133eebb42cc","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2006-11-21T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$6D9C7059-E0F6-494A-AEC6-779EF806C228","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"5ca20729dd4e09b345128d7958f6dbcb82324d70","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(F\\) be a totally real abelian number field, \\(p\\) an odd prime number, \\(F_\\infty\\) the cyclotomic \\(\\mathbb{Z}_p\\)-extension of \\(F\\) and \\(U_n\\), \\(C_n\\) the group of units, respectively circular units, of its \\(n\\)th layer \\(F_n\\) (the fixed field of \\(\\Gamma_n\\)). Define \\(B_\\infty= \\varinjlim \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes_{\\mathbb{Z}}U_n/C_n\\) and \\(Y_\\infty= \\varprojlim \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes_{\\mathbb{Z}} U_n/C_n\\), with connecting maps induced by extension and the norm map, respectively.   This paper studies descent and co-descent for \\(B_\\infty\\) and \\(Y_\\infty\\), i.e., the kernels and cokernels of \\(\\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes U_n/C_n@>{j_n}>> (B_\\infty)^{\\Gamma_n}\\) and \\((Y_\\infty)_{\\Gamma_n}@>{h_n}>> \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes U_n/C_n\\) in terms of module theoretic invariants attached to \\(F_\\infty/F\\). If \\(U_n/C_n\\) is replaced by the ideal class group of \\(F_n\\) one is back in the situation of the classical main conjecture of Iwasawa theory; however, now things are more difficult because there is no Galois theoretic interpretation of \\(U_n/C_n\\) in terms of class field theory.   We summarize two theorems (in part). If \\(\\varprojlim \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes C_n\\) is \\(\\Lambda\\)-free, then \\(j_n\\) is injective and \\(\\text{coker\\,}j_n\\), \\(\\ker h_n\\) and \\(\\text{coker\\,}h_n\\) stabilize with respect to extension maps. Moreover, if \\(p\\nmid[F:\\mathbb{Q}]\\), a characterwise discussion of \\(\\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes U_n/C_n\\) is possible. The tools applied in the paper are, besides the Mazur-Wiles Theorem (proof of the main conjecture of Iwasawa theory), an exact sequence of Sinnott's involving the Artin map and the Gross kernel of everywhere local universal norms and, assuming the \\(\\Lambda\\)-freeness of \\(\\varprojlim \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes C_n\\), a thorough study of the cohomology of units and circular units.   Related work is [\\textit{J.-R. Belliard}, Submodules of units in Iwasawa theory, Number theory, Besan\u00e7on (2002; Zbl 1161.11394); \\textit{J.-R. Belliard} and \\textit{N.-Q.-D. Thong}, Nagoya Math. J. 177, 77--115 (2005; Zbl 1092.11043); \\textit{R. Ku\u010dera} and \\textit{J. Nekov\u00e1r}, J. Algebra 171, No. 2, 457--472 (1995; Zbl 0824.11071); \\textit{L. V. Kuz'min}, Math. USSR, Izv. 6(1972), 263--321 (1973); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 36, 267--327 (1972; Zbl 0231.12013); \\textit{T. Nguyen Quang Do}, J. Number Theory (to appear)].   An appendix by J.-R. Belliard concerns the \\(\\Lambda\\)-freeness condition on \\(\\varprojlim \\mathbb{Z}_p\\otimes C_n\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$593BAC51-4DE5-4473-B3F2-985DCD09E7E5","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4991d60e07c8d9a9bf6ca12e61e8f2f85c1f64c7","datavalue":{"value":"11R23","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$AD35956C-BB2B-4E69-BDC7-5137789D2F55","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"212122f1b400f4aca70ed75e6198d025020f476b","datavalue":{"value":"5074490","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$F8718B60-36EE-4656-8E5B-CBFAB0C291F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"3042dbe8ec22c8979705228e419c8978dcb092fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1165899,"id":"Q1165899"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$C9FA819E-774F-433F-88A7-93D547B9AFD6","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$C1D216FB-17B4-405B-840A-C380E0118D83","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c90f11ff153ad2609668e61fc56f59695bee3762","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.4310/pamq.2006.v2.n2.a4","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$A565E8D7-E1EA-4919-AF7C-DD5E70FDC899","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"fab67806c0a733bd279f470a1a3fdb2887b35953","datavalue":{"value":"W4299817633","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$CD442B91-E399-4FB5-A5A2-16D9CF3D3A65","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"de42ad82ae37d87c2dbad4c6806e1d12e18667b2","datavalue":{"value":"10.4310/PAMQ.2006.V2.N2.A4","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q851474$368759AB-2CAD-4059-86A7-CB68240E6D2D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9d7bc76ca657c339b4b498f196176608847be4ac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3626992,"id":"Q3626992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3748d0b3672b3981f0e9ad710ce18250aba540b1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7042054","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$83FD8960-A8F8-46A6-81CD-BADA708AE0F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"09cc630be8d62162a1268d4357171bd9ce3bf505","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5237116,"id":"Q5237116"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"36b7bf15f1c585743f4fd1c86c2952556b010155","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69908166","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$1029A72B-1AEA-436F-A67C-76E9E0CC6DA9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a6f9a88bc756e12e1ac53358fe82c79db0e8e616","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1208162,"id":"Q1208162"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"10162fad1b3f460e20518967f67b4ba63e15ca9e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6873326","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$BF539B1F-7189-4E1B-8B2B-9E30F586480E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"08153518fad5a17c4049af850d93f83b90ea55c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5397689,"id":"Q5397689"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e0fcaaa8b4eb55466db93a4d1c1246b7a04b731c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68548256","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$960CE06B-6B1C-4870-8496-90D74E0D653E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dda8a29e4776fa205bc3f7c7de4c8ac29cee70fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1358799,"id":"Q1358799"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8c53c7cd856e410e2f2104fac859b148e4790991","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68423355","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$D75155BA-BAF1-4D1F-AA56-D097BE88D784","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d4441414b3aaac0197e77c9fb0eac1b4f68077ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4417284,"id":"Q4417284"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5d6d224e8b835e09e17fb8a33f8882d1f56a5435","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6784805","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$51BDE6CA-E85C-4DE0-950F-E1AE60199EAC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a30db472c7a8a90e8f9959f6655ace78a640c280","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3177184,"id":"Q3177184"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d42269adbc75f6515392bd694ccf3ac125981aa9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67560124","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$83C64279-76D4-4D1B-A9F6-BD8BA1FAB164","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bd0e2d218a02394fda1103548d0868bb76646741","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5693531,"id":"Q5693531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b5d559256fcaf47d5470dcf300cee6495948b1ec","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67477417","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$0772EBC9-8FA6-4626-A236-AA0EA4B7435D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"caa1a857072d7c17a1eec81328ae1659a5b0d396","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2634759,"id":"Q2634759"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f4c744c38722f6dfc2ddf988c6f2fad0711d9fff","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67458415","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$ED577A93-FE93-4666-9656-6BE251D82D5A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6df3aff1dde294cd7e50435f20478eb4f40c47c6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4548889,"id":"Q4548889"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eb4f7ebadc42822369c5e2af24fd422eeec23e37","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67445034","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q851474$4993EA3A-5CD8-411B-A0AF-495A80801F90","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Iwasawa descent and co-descent for units modulo circular units. With an appendix by J.-R. Belliard.","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Iwasawa_descent_and_co-descent_for_units_modulo_circular_units._With_an_appendix_by_J.-R._Belliard."}}}}}