{"entities":{"Q852689":{"pageid":854537,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q852689","lastrevid":49968862,"modified":"2026-01-12T08:44:15Z","type":"item","id":"Q852689","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Relationships between limit cycles and algebraic invariant curves for quadratic systems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5072899"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$92176D01-BDB0-4F69-8FF8-809DB90E141B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b49df37a26bfc709372f502664f0b5d7af47faf8","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Relationships between limit cycles and algebraic invariant curves for quadratic systems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$7A0B8F1A-FB12-4B76-A3EF-5664C4317FE1","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"be335cc46fa0fbce9b3307d383e1543de63c3669","datavalue":{"value":"1109.34025","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$F450799A-B8DC-425A-B0C5-3BFFB7CA45F4","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ae79339d22e19585a946f29acd83fe54c6cb8d0d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169821,"id":"Q169821"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$AA84E1FD-7699-4A42-9A66-0C478B983384","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5d7513997a17a7db57474d8c8b5b5c63ec984f9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":852688,"id":"Q852688"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$29F4BB30-ACAB-48F6-853C-664B5FC7F36D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"dbc27535bfcb4e299a598bcfdfab0633ac07a0ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169790,"id":"Q169790"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$36456EF2-C851-4BB4-8014-9FBEC1A63FA9","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"2e0e5bf6d0a9be8dc3d53decc24225862e3e6f9c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2006-11-15T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$BF325A77-122B-4F5D-BD5D-FF547C040CBE","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f821331f29fae27c92406e04a2243a6d8091689c","datavalue":{"value":"The paper deals with algebraic limit cycles in quadratic systems. As it is well known, seven types of algebraic limit cycles have been found: one of degree 2, four of degree 4, one of degree 5 and one of degree 6. An algebraic limit cycle \\(\\gamma\\) of a planar system \\(\\dot{x}=p(x,y)\\), \\(\\dot{y}=q(x,y)\\) is contained in the zero set of certain invariant algebraic curve \\(\\varphi(x,y)=0\\), i.e., satisfying \\(p\\partial\\varphi/\\partial x+ q\\partial\\varphi/\\partial y -k\\varphi=0\\), \\(k\\in {\\mathbb R}[x,y]\\) being the cofactor.   Here, the authors prove five theorems on the relationships between \\(\\gamma\\), \\(\\varphi\\) and \\(k\\) in the case when \\(k=0\\) is an isocline, or contains a singular point of the system, as well as when \\(\\varphi=0\\) intersects the line at infinity at exactly one point. The results obtained suggest that the following conjecture is relevant: if a quadratic system has an algebraic limit cycle, then it is the unique limit cycle of the system.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$B97703B1-A677-45D4-81E1-1BB5C795D5BF","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"da4a17a2ec9f7bbeb82810a73a3bc12e94601b52","datavalue":{"value":"34C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$2907E67A-80DF-48A4-B11B-B079F06DEE11","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"300d479281f605371f46f287e72969e048766ffd","datavalue":{"value":"34C07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$7D1925EA-2122-470F-9A1C-9554EA40987F","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"a9a6e7b4b0267cea35754addea09e9f7bd1f2991","datavalue":{"value":"5072899","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$F1256704-14FC-4E91-A443-1B0B1360666E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bd98801e4080a7c2034679524d51b2883341ab2d","datavalue":{"value":"Quadratic system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$F445AF6A-D302-4ADD-B3EE-E1F3EEC24053","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6e3b7eddd2372cd1649f9a29dd40500c3c726c2f","datavalue":{"value":"invariant algebraic curve","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$FBE97C94-A491-427E-B8E1-3BC0CF209CF4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9118359f06d02a993092beb37e5054f7afb80f44","datavalue":{"value":"algebraic limit cycle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$BFCB50D1-31E0-4E8B-8441-C4CD8263C503","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ae43cc5d16b02b3a5849bf83c07546d840447118","datavalue":{"value":"cofactor","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$7C6F888C-9233-4FEE-9426-BC8DDD608654","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"05e8f17fb5533a46c8ccd95cd4d30369c0a450c7","datavalue":{"value":"isocline","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$BF915036-3EF7-4A57-81B1-4AD7229280F8","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"1aee0348dd118d72db3462df9a769b8a4576c084","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":435051,"id":"Q435051"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$25731D82-880B-4C66-81B2-AEDE042D5873","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$96818155-F322-4B48-9040-46DDBD28CDDC","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3bc385f455783c3191920f9609f67e6edf77a854","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2006.03.013","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$74B54C02-42C1-4D30-9E9C-EE3357173181","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"d2446d8904ee4f65819fa308f5911d52fe8936e7","datavalue":{"value":"W2000389666","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$D97A6A4E-0DAC-4480-B725-213D6386E806","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b30261b44fc2f82a1fff1f06b0d8cbc452e4a0c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5946932,"id":"Q5946932"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$869E1769-2A3A-4251-9CE5-10D8F2AC50E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"61801e03b0128311941523408ef41e4b7bd7a286","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1880763,"id":"Q1880763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$239CD53C-19A4-4EC3-ABDE-0D8012649CAC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6775358681048cc5822b928c4c7934a8bf55f64e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4827592,"id":"Q4827592"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$A779732B-FC6F-46C6-9E58-5EFF86FE5001","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0b6dbea58963f70a3ea3c180696dab32868321f2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1770984,"id":"Q1770984"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$87B43EEC-18FB-4FB7-A35A-890A3624BA50","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"17130708f3a79c7ff63117f57e2fb15868bb8e24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2523110,"id":"Q2523110"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$2D930657-653E-486A-98D3-5B226F40B5D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3a82cd6e01818bdae388a26cf5a17b9e8d9411f5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5673763,"id":"Q5673763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$3807CE78-0165-456B-B71B-DB3FD4E6FA18","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4171a949d6e35e814861c948344ef6c7409307e2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4142070,"id":"Q4142070"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$5F817575-35BA-48B6-85EA-6C147BA7EF2C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1582565ece31ec97df04021eb6362076bf48230b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3207371,"id":"Q3207371"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$A08D902E-9450-47D3-96C6-738323749068","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"44cff8a602b6f2d4030c054e3d4aabbdc42abe7b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4061267,"id":"Q4061267"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$168FB2D7-87B0-4826-B44F-1B61E4F98401","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be9e6ec584724fc38c9f24f9b34cd2502e025f3c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4820510,"id":"Q4820510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$163A7A42-615C-485B-B177-C03F1C003C5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b8b79ab6b2b7ee85097a2e15a09d8ef9867e99d4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":996969,"id":"Q996969"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$064F0677-A551-43FD-9008-D48555783157","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"22c2fdc03d0311973024acc2ad78b5a4a8fe1d51","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5318383,"id":"Q5318383"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$1C35D5D5-52BC-4C2D-A428-69B942762A5E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b4f78a6c01b793d1769ffb6e93c39f9684353e6d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5561179,"id":"Q5561179"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$62DEFF12-19AA-47EA-876B-29BC5EB399A1","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"de3e9b8cc1ca3f30adf1643e3b7349ab09d9362d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.JDE.2006.03.013","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q852689$D9437C23-BC3E-4BC0-9A95-5E0F9CB3C3BC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6d3fd2c6e7f9997131685ce2f853b89a78c39f1f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":996969,"id":"Q996969"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5eea8311d2779d166b9719a6ec98814268509550","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8950458765029907","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q852689$9C05A5B0-3981-48BA-8760-55743AF2B376","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"016463fbeb04fd77a0955e054a1e64eda18ea3ee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5228161,"id":"Q5228161"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f744de3358f83f0f3f4de5ea4948bb3ed5d84909","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8835681080818176","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q852689$CFB34F2C-7A84-44E9-8C86-3BB624B55F9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a06b9c5e2754092118974f1e3f45a1f4a3e7f9a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1880763,"id":"Q1880763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"da452a6c1d0b298e62b21c11a310bf9dcf567a05","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.878505527973175","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q852689$28FE2AB5-9230-44E0-8048-BDED0F198A19","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a149f579a35973b52178c74c870fe44011eb8729","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1634890,"id":"Q1634890"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"567e75465009d4cb21b7ed9777cee096f3b217dd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8745436072349548","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q852689$DD409D70-1F25-4EBB-A9C4-C9A1A9DC02EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b5120c7e2378b98eb3c62415e3d0bc35b525ce90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5946932,"id":"Q5946932"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b663e70ad7b3d4a0e1b06ddc58aebd439a18ea54","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8717323541641235","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q852689$FE3BEDFB-8861-4ED8-9516-7C8AFC01E90A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:852689","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:852689"}}}}}