{"entities":{"Q857089":{"pageid":858937,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q857089","lastrevid":49986880,"modified":"2026-01-12T12:03:40Z","type":"item","id":"Q857089","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Consistency of Landweber algorithm in an ill-posed problem with random data"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5080195"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$B9B5D359-666B-4C97-85E2-5ACAD5D6FB65","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b130624fce2a1587c3786d438744d5cea5395759","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Consistency of Landweber algorithm in an ill-posed problem with random data","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$81FEE419-3826-41A3-93DC-8F5258DDA3BD","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"665ac760787e4b62f959739d4f036c971e75e5de","datavalue":{"value":"1125.47055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$DDD88540-4FB6-49B7-890B-67C1CC4F859C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0c7dc6880845b81df13a51c814fb1c55b07ba81d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":282728,"id":"Q282728"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$7EF70647-422F-4C43-802A-4AC54A48CE8E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"98c5c17945e27f89f367f0daff3cf929403f2131","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":399349,"id":"Q399349"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$D1E94F25-BE44-479F-B96F-1D2D61CF1A09","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"5a5c9e0c6a7a2a0cb7662cbf32d2a100f29f5641","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251665,"id":"Q251665"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$22E15161-6079-44F8-827E-3783A8EA9942","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"0f104b4da63c9b7ec094905bf1c1c3559eeb80a1","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2006-12-14T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$C746B1FB-2C2E-44DC-B107-4C3C19039FA5","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"61d49076a83c040e54a63766f66cc4a43bc43e64","datavalue":{"value":"The note deals with the linear ill-posed problem, described by the operator equation \\(Ax=u\\) of the first kind, in which \\(A\\) is an injective bounded linear operator in a separable Hilbert space \\(H\\) and the second member is measured with random errors [cf., e.g., \\textit{A.\\,M.\\thinspace Fedotov}, \u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0458\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (Ill-posed problems with random errors in the data) (Nauka, Novosibirsk) (1990; Zbl 0762.65034)]. Carrying out \\(n\\) experiments, we obtain a sample \\( \\{u_1,\\dots,u_n \\}\\) such that \\(u_i=u_{ex} + \\xi_i\\). Here, \\(u_{ex}\\) represents the unknown exact value of \\(u\\) and \\(\\{\\xi_i \\}_{i \\in N}\\) is a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables defined on a probability space \\((\\Omega, F)\\) with values in \\(H\\). The proposed approach has two main steps.  The first step is concerned by the estimation of \\(u\\). The strong law of large numbers gives the empirical mean \\(\\overline{u}\\). Therefore we have to solve the equation \\(Ax=\\overline{u}\\). In addition, \\(AH\\) is not closed, so the problem is ill-posed. This leads to the introduction of two concepts: quasi-solution and pseudo-solution [cf.\\ \\textit{V.\\,K.\\thinspace Ivanov, V.\\,V.\\thinspace Vasin} and \\textit{V.\\,P.\\thinspace Tanana}, ``Theory of linear ill-posed problems and its applications'' (2nd ed.; Inverse and Ill--Posed Problems Series, VSP, Utrecht) (2002; Zbl 1037.65056)]. The existence and the uniqueness of the pseudo-solution for such a problem is shown.  Then the Landweber algorithm is used to estimate the pseudo-solution. This algorithm is defined by the sequence  \\[  x_{m+1}=x_m - A^*Ax_m + A^* \\overline{u}+ a_m \\xi_m. \\]  Here, \\(x_0\\) is an arbitrary random variable, \\(A^*\\)is the adjoint operator of \\(A\\), and \\(\\{a_m\\}\\) is a sequence of real numbers such that \\(m a_m\\) converges to a constant when \\(m \\to \\infty\\). Following the above procedure, exponential inequalities of Bernstein--Fr\u00e9chet type are established. The ``almost complete convergence'' of this algorithm to the pseudo-solution is shown and its convergence rate is estimated. Finally, a confidence domain for the pseudo-solution is build.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$FEEA0620-9FB4-4A7F-9193-0BFB4AA08326","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"c9493dff1a3e8c95bfb6a78d933c6d5f97a83e78","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590838,"id":"Q590838"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$81D27364-8854-4F0F-8584-CFD0ADF38D43","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"41fcf83a5348672e6c3ff04467189c6c33a8aa45","datavalue":{"value":"47N30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$B9722CD3-76FD-4BA6-A31D-D5E7FA34F27B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"27b42924c3e46a44f79058df20617af4a65dea26","datavalue":{"value":"47A52","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$26903110-7F4F-4AA9-B6B0-B1EA805B818A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b030290c7c684268d407edb9b2f13755562a711c","datavalue":{"value":"60H25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$CB2DB8E4-F857-4DC2-BF9C-73E46E796139","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"80d721710e9ac6b7fbfd63980df282039a257444","datavalue":{"value":"65J20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$11571927-7EA5-45BA-BC48-4AF3B69BC877","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3866ee96b4b7ddfafdb7b788eaa87fdd43bbf474","datavalue":{"value":"62G05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$F713DEE2-F5F1-4EC3-A545-593F7FD543CD","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"d7bb80b5877cedc08e47ae011d9a578f55e146a4","datavalue":{"value":"5080195","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$8897E919-0FF7-48B9-B15C-7E9AA5203B8C","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e6a3d7f649e3082ff7a752ad54f663bfdcf76434","datavalue":{"value":"ill-posed problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$C67206B0-5252-40E6-ACDC-B0E78841C4F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4267c0910c81a3bad21e81b07c861ed2dd10d3ca","datavalue":{"value":"operator equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$DB75FA35-2B4A-474D-9E3A-4395A865D24F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bb664f2cc6a0c87514f4ad6c4c2458e7d13d9486","datavalue":{"value":"pseudosolution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$765459C5-A447-4822-886D-5D0F5AA025A3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cc1b6ac432c1f323fd8945ecc3b7efdf1f12a9b6","datavalue":{"value":"random error","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$B4AF07E6-EAEE-4F90-8F8B-A7243529B633","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$CA72E685-E41D-4412-9365-99A6C90AB920","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c7b8c9927eddf4a1c9a13a68f093715f720e748a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2006.09.010","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$2156050D-BB5D-4E3C-9BCD-E3D1779D4A5F","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"67cc44d08f35305b3892b59dc127c02ff41aa46d","datavalue":{"value":"W2024910772","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$72049195-9BDD-4E81-B383-DACEF9172950","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"70cfc70803a4d0ebdaf7e598e72f1fd1c70504cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5552510,"id":"Q5552510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$4A2142C5-862B-4ABC-9A5C-0E6206336E11","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6c8860c6e694f8d6a28332c034e85b6029a3fcf4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5709779,"id":"Q5709779"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$77538615-F6E9-4EF1-8D98-580C4EDD2560","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ff699959a9220a36403c27d62c5dc1061541b4d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1604621,"id":"Q1604621"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$D8E34166-71BF-4087-81B0-6E9A45F3E880","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cf715ca22128f0ef62c494e83af4cedcd58d0dac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4895893,"id":"Q4895893"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$3D1A086B-B34A-405B-9A67-B9BEDAB0ED36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9887d7c34df2ddfce837e1630d1e04df518419ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1907124,"id":"Q1907124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$162DDDDA-82A0-4C59-827E-2C73EF4A978B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"45206ae57c96609fc788f28f723b8094d2a2343a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5600399,"id":"Q5600399"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$5B112DA3-534B-4B6C-984C-D90BF0A7188A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"100fd1f56d23123c75476a1825ba9938c07347c7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1763141,"id":"Q1763141"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$D45B51AA-6A45-49CF-8E3E-85474D1AFFFC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58ee8515cef515f6b021f9a93d5c537bb8560f05","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5805257,"id":"Q5805257"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$38576FDB-7AAB-4921-82BB-5F592888DF21","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0a0af1f50655922bb717c451b9cb8ff2f4eb7c5a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":703596,"id":"Q703596"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$6126CD91-36D5-49FF-AE9F-83E8FA5D0B7B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f6208ec98546ec200e60b76b5ff28ebb5ce4b6d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4676564,"id":"Q4676564"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$0418C8DC-106A-414E-9B69-5B07F7D92EA6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9573114d370811133c836e78869b47cbf5e0ccd4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4328905,"id":"Q4328905"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$9EC503B2-36A3-416A-9F51-CAC0FE044D86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"912bf5f0c435422e8ddd76e8dc3809645a747b33","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4125663,"id":"Q4125663"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$75C53A54-27C7-4D1D-85B6-C34E46D036E7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b2f0ceb8fa380cf1d1a0a9b825229736de12e821","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1233675,"id":"Q1233675"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$9A4648E2-CC3F-4789-B3B0-19F027277A19","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"199c70f7421b688fc16b6510b3d2f1d080050c76","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.CRMA.2006.09.010","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q857089$2314B3DC-B9A3-403D-93AC-D685DCFA91FD","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"296a42a4c1cc038354f8d1dea86ba2b6f6770c35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":399350,"id":"Q399350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8c475c9619844c87482ee84b43975542e3698e55","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7899106740951538","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q857089$01F01B9A-BAB5-4B46-87F9-A37451AFF840","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"268544d90da13dd0cbc8c40f9b06e56b6f20ed8e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4239758,"id":"Q4239758"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"26856d7478318e0d4d84fe666e4477fee20fd9b2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7847527265548706","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q857089$BFDB7D81-4C53-4EE6-ADE1-499015664B49","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ef165eda102ab11d56c0dbbeaaeac6255d5a08c5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4248860,"id":"Q4248860"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6f698481d87aa13999545087cd8b5d149becd8ba","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7844167947769165","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q857089$E19A9D08-2015-4BC7-91DB-FF95FBB2A5A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"426346ca571864e33db0bfb516885bda2cd8a7b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1389840,"id":"Q1389840"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6e88f9babeba169d5738c82e3e86994e80523924","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7798784375190735","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q857089$65C4BD65-13DF-496D-9EAF-769015EB52CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"77e85369e9c1ac6fbb8170c5fbc89db33f0a2c14","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1064018,"id":"Q1064018"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6e88f9babeba169d5738c82e3e86994e80523924","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7798784375190735","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q857089$83B0E63C-B70B-4D34-A843-3726305D5F97","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:857089","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:857089"}}}}}