{"entities":{"Q871633":{"pageid":873481,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q871633","lastrevid":65085402,"modified":"2026-04-12T00:13:01Z","type":"item","id":"Q871633","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The arch: born in the sewer, raised to the heavens"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5134753"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$461CD081-8CCB-4106-BA5E-B52F7FA0908B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5760f1ad892f9e275b45c912f63c6c5752724f24","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The arch: born in the sewer, raised to the heavens","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$FB573662-2DDE-42D0-9BB9-389D9592FF54","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"882ec1a7f67df30727478a38993ceafce25b998c","datavalue":{"value":"1137.01030","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$F8683996-840D-4D21-98E1-8ABCA8852E08","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c52f4b754257206fa570c43d9ab350a321edddda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":871631,"id":"Q871631"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$6E726CE3-437C-41A9-90F5-1241B8CADF23","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"1a85d56703b7fabc8ff195ecad9161e000f7caff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":180150,"id":"Q180150"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$A992856A-8E92-45D5-86CA-D092BE7876DE","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"741e6d6c610619c5428e7c04a6dfdd53626cae17","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2007-03-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$9EE34A59-5E56-4A2C-ADD3-6F368733636E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8790926a8b1e625b6e77782e65d8675503683a5f","datavalue":{"value":"The topic approached by Matthys Levy (chairman Emeritus of Weidlinger Associates, Constelling Engineers) in his study is at least curious for the hurried reader of today, being devoted to the Arch, an architectural form practically absent, never erected (with the only pale exception of underground sewers) by one of the most refined civilizations of all times: the Greek one.   A possible explanation to this phenomenon might be related to the type of material employed (stone, masonry). Again-curiously, other well-established, famous civilizations, the Egyptians, The Babylonian or the Assyrian one, to say nothing of the Roman world, largely built up and exploited The Arch to various ends.  A first paragraph of the research discusses the early developments of the arch, examples of famous constructions (in birth word and stone) being provided, while another one is devoted to the strength and power of stone (granite, marble, limestone, sandstone) so extensively employed by Ethruscans and Romans.   In my opinion, I do not think that the Greeks had no sufficient knowledge on the mechanics of materials -- I think this was rather an aesthetic option of theirs!","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$E394E267-0361-46E2-83C6-1E8B92559D47","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"153e78cea59bdb244fe6f5e248d596bc9c7b1e6f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":871632,"id":"Q871632"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$5BFA15AA-9905-4E6D-9DF7-B4CB50CCD745","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"de681751b0cd3fb761b30a993d1e0833960234bb","datavalue":{"value":"01A99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$A3CA3BC9-4A1F-43F8-ACA8-221CA312AD26","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"583f5b413168fbae938ab6e84f275da91256e071","datavalue":{"value":"00A69","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$D86215A0-3581-4E03-8CDE-DEBAE9E37901","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"17f220ccc451fffaf314e99bcc8d5afe9df78679","datavalue":{"value":"5134753","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$D599E5E5-13C0-4861-8C5E-B2F14B652636","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b1700f9673fa66aedb26ec9281c0e48dcc25b52c","datavalue":{"value":"arch","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$1C4E11C6-8E2C-4169-BA3A-C736535C6371","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7ae530d0572a32d3414242f08449f1dd75e63e1f","datavalue":{"value":"stone","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$6395B325-0067-48F1-9008-691959BFE9AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"80cf22bd2f838fcf0e3dc047a8d42a95ba5cf821","datavalue":{"value":"masonry","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$7462549B-1BE1-4186-8C91-10AA83632D47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c453c4c2a884962754d8303aebfde52303ff18a7","datavalue":{"value":"Greeks","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$2423D60C-C05A-45DE-AA6E-C01ED3837E70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1653a73b598e58f04e630badd7cb65db68e5416d","datavalue":{"value":"Romans","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$1A4B3DB9-5B0D-44F9-8FD0-4E255DEF973F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3d3544d9cb2bad7d8a6c5c495e0be34a8c8e0aa2","datavalue":{"value":"Egyptians","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$7756686F-949A-44E8-9268-618CB1E938A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e275e69636b09682bd16ab73f9554cac95490df3","datavalue":{"value":"Ethruscans","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$C711D735-0378-4C87-BFF4-482C33D755DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1453a92a724506ab690402ec7bbe93ae2417bb64","datavalue":{"value":"mechanics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$0C47F846-2873-430D-9A27-CF77BAC1240E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$D8045141-EC63-4410-A1AC-399EC4760D29","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"16e4c5f76d4ff0c7b0da05ae3af0925382f811cf","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-006-0014-x","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$A5B426FD-0C4E-4CE4-BF03-147D58F9C3FB","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7e9e0025f98c788d3d5130bc8ca12a73981431cf","datavalue":{"value":"W2036473470","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$C141AD35-63AC-4FFE-80FF-606AFAC411B6","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"bb3706d0c488ed09ea8af8e47b89893ac45972b0","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00004-006-0014-X","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q871633$BE18FD91-1E9B-42E4-A806-944F10A402AD","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"890d6478e64ccff241ef9d8088341c2273ae75bd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":871645,"id":"Q871645"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"79e0ea3b17fd1dbb0507e87ebb1a055a3e0bda39","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6991875767707825","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q871633$8745259F-46C7-4964-9761-376CE29C8C90","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dbda881bac5270eb0706b7a2445e6d9f645db704","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5249295,"id":"Q5249295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"256d0af0fcd113df8c934b14256081e62d9cea91","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6522945761680603","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q871633$02F0D002-5DB5-4D69-90D0-3D3E637F59DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b739a4e60dafe5abb1fcc04076b1fe922d0622d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2097135,"id":"Q2097135"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"44f8cd0104646b93b1f8ea8a06b3e7a9ef0b8201","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6079338192939758","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q871633$62B421DA-38B0-4918-BC21-37E418430715","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"425b81c7eaa247503caeede1b91bde15197507b5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1371294,"id":"Q1371294"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a992cd6729d61d5c23c18bb604a8576e56203ae8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6077949404716492","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q871633$CA4E105E-FE9E-4469-8F4C-15B11B8A2012","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"881cf06d3a824ba264e47942ab50fff4ddcc62a9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3997816,"id":"Q3997816"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"36975fbaf2ce319ac95476f0a9f4732e22561c2d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6016919612884521","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q871633$E868A068-C2FE-4C04-8176-E0B36D6B5620","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The arch: born in the sewer, raised to the heavens","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_arch:_born_in_the_sewer,_raised_to_the_heavens"}}}}}