{"entities":{"Q880315":{"pageid":882163,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q880315","lastrevid":65051718,"modified":"2026-04-11T23:59:43Z","type":"item","id":"Q880315","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Variational principles for branched circle patterns"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5152808"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$7C5D2F6F-B527-40B3-9FF0-DD056606026E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"1bec62bfaa320ea9ddda76a333ce69978ba41ae9","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Variational principles for branched circle patterns","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$C82EC2C4-20F6-42E8-8764-83D64147876C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ae05272aa5ed3211c4ba9f67a7161482fe8c0fdc","datavalue":{"value":"1118.52025","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$FE12B9BD-212E-4D37-9620-BCC2EA76346A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"29469f1358594c000738ac1954973656056badf0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":624548,"id":"Q624548"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$50A1A848-5573-47A2-9638-3B9C43410D18","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"18f06c4465a93b618c28d086ffcccc2c485675f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":411932,"id":"Q411932"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$9BEF6721-0096-4EC2-B1E2-3E4323BB7E3D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9ac1f3f44634d62750a40905e0c9a48415220e79","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":161653,"id":"Q161653"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$C8928001-9EF9-4A99-B0E4-B64AB9400B20","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"82586b86b7d308ba16b8fc62d767edbc3c6b1782","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2007-05-15T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$EA8AF6C8-7FAA-4115-AAB1-D74C4AF35899","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2343ae1bdd11036c32cbbad550e3becd12a2b9fd","datavalue":{"value":"The authors consider variational principles for branched circle patterns introduced by \\textit{P. Bowers} and \\textit{K. Stephenson} in [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc.(3)73, 185--215 (1996; Zbl 0856.51012)]. They use critical point theory to establish existence and uniqueness of circle packings. First the geometric problem of constructing branched circle pattern is transformed into analytic problem of finding radii of the circles. Next they construct two branched circle pattern functionals for the Euclidean and hyperbolic case. Then they prove that the two functionals are strictly convex and have critical points. Using transformations of isometry and stereographic projection the authors obtain the existence and uniqueness of configurations of circles with prescribed combinatoric pattern, angles and branched sets in the sphere, Euclidean plane, hyperbolic plane and Riemann sphere. They apply the Ricci flow method to give an approximation scheme which converges exponentially to the branched circle pattern metric.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$1252BE59-F5D0-4F6B-9C69-CE58E81ACF6C","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"61bcc9fcdeeae8cc1d76dd091b112994ea2f77da","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590968,"id":"Q590968"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$E102CCC3-3B92-426A-87D9-BCA19954002F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c403ac197a6e110fa2175c02eefa763d67a43012","datavalue":{"value":"52C26","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$050A0F40-3ED2-450E-BDAC-710EFA2EE4CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ef484c411985599cfd1390fc9ad10d12648b5177","datavalue":{"value":"53C44","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$77642C7F-B0A6-4B7C-B817-084602AB26FA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"88dbd93d833f91b176a19bae7a4a894e59580148","datavalue":{"value":"30G25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$FFB957EC-F56A-427B-BDD5-30D519080542","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cc1fd51db6054301c6d99701feeeb086f8aed5c1","datavalue":{"value":"5152808","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$7D09BBC6-FD53-4616-B171-4DD30503DC91","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"130d985d8e0d196aa4c9e3ecb72f64b877d5dbcb","datavalue":{"value":"branched circle pattern","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$ED899C0E-590B-4044-8233-D925EDE29D0F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ae54dd87feab9f011590918c4db3f19cd5d7977c","datavalue":{"value":"variational principle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$09868FF4-17D8-4646-AA1E-02B63B6143E0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3ec22a58da9e61fc2f5fc340cb2988eaa95ed03e","datavalue":{"value":"critical point theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$54EA1BD7-CD82-41A9-9C50-D56F93D1DA54","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ed72652e7472f33535e070d5ad701506ea550702","datavalue":{"value":"Ricci flow","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$D8A672AC-ED95-4567-8FE4-CDC73E9C0318","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$78016EB7-CD49-4537-9983-CD3965EBA1D9","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"5c059eb24527dcf0560875c295ea65d005bab4bf","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2006.06.008","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$53624805-5391-44A4-8878-E449CAB59918","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"1d2a6e2face8d2082408f9839cd402fbf433a288","datavalue":{"value":"W1970256905","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$EE74C2A2-51BE-45AF-B56A-914EB9B39E6C","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"e748bc703faa33f9ca74a5cb2b1d94e1ade6962d","datavalue":{"value":"Q125288115","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$C66B0340-4948-4BF6-9AF1-C8CBEC169298","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d75216984fbb4d1ca4d48e9e83f24a380b0dc3d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4433112,"id":"Q4433112"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$0F71CCA4-C3CD-495C-9F87-1E7088D0CE00","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9a492e5110e8a2d3c24cd407ccb2c3dc59daf47f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4892418,"id":"Q4892418"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$EC779E5B-2FC6-465D-9A1A-741BD03DE612","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"97c63232e50cef5a923718d08db34d0cc4ac1a79","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1803621,"id":"Q1803621"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$F69C4739-63CC-4D8D-8433-DEC9EFD5441F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7bfa60912437591e54fa940baf654ab71c9fd8dd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1176645,"id":"Q1176645"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$8EEA3FBE-2F9B-440A-86C6-F428D7C53756","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d7f867f340881810397543050dd94b96130a8866","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1777995,"id":"Q1777995"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$2C7E7E4D-5393-4169-BE89-8A72D6FFFA9B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a7a3041cb69c04730830beea4192e45064ce61b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":810892,"id":"Q810892"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$9743C8A1-48C1-47E1-99A2-9002E9A2D2A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5ce0ff7f9e761ec25640a8e5dc6108ad534b85e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4875646,"id":"Q4875646"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$D07C7C0E-7A07-4DED-9D71-0AC766AD29D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"36a7538c2c07a89ddac08cc2481b9e41011f03d8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1836163,"id":"Q1836163"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$B5423BC5-B161-424C-97F8-89348035C26C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2e488ea935e3d2dae4ab5942375295436368062c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1284562,"id":"Q1284562"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$0B152F25-2B0C-4D42-A458-E767C05296B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8b0d9625a1ed0843a204823ea9ab35a205c2ce9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1409069,"id":"Q1409069"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$4C80FDE5-87A5-4068-91BD-896593FAE43D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b6fed86036a301385b841becfe24dac2a71bc639","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2522443,"id":"Q2522443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$3CAFA614-041F-4D01-A1B6-A5360003D9E4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b6f12e08dbe34483ca6c3d213f27b4b7b764a4f6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1372615,"id":"Q1372615"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$778C68B4-298D-40AD-94E0-AAB9AAEEC32F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f46c877e8f85e7f02aa056b7f9db9d3cb12d4ccc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1334303,"id":"Q1334303"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$D7A99B27-5D41-4EFC-9BCB-FB0493CD8423","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4a15aa3f58ed39d770abb0481b262c610741a87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":677552,"id":"Q677552"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$BBDC5EE1-DB4A-48B0-848D-BE5300927293","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"d7993edf3294ceb829e1ab0cde5098dc2562f1f2","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.NA.2006.06.008","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q880315$6BC6BAB7-9EF9-4457-8394-22E716900B64","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"82be3f1def528c5410bc742eeb39452430959898","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4433112,"id":"Q4433112"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4ab0ec434cb1941a4429a0c9a2b184dae59b44bf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8457231521606445","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q880315$4909DC3D-FA3F-4A2B-8CEA-3B18EAACDD76","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ee9be788661df1e206d399f60f1bdedd9cb6afb9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3092889,"id":"Q3092889"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"79fa6594668efe3d9a59cedceb351648602eeb4c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8196699023246765","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q880315$21138E5B-7D0E-4889-8579-94D7F4B68801","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b6d5467983b43df51ddc1398b26ce773c1e5bc73","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":889143,"id":"Q889143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"05ccc668a4d0528ed028e33f6258cc843c057f52","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7838804125785828","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q880315$0473FF0A-D1F3-491D-92AF-B3EADB08EF74","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"36d1d4f62413aee2f20f4fbec60d2c59cfa5fef7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2419331,"id":"Q2419331"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"faf5e454abf70dc0853c3035310db2c62e12cfcd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7646447420120239","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q880315$1B5D52F5-F5ED-4FDC-9C7B-CAE7648FC39A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2c9c6a5e7712601a82e386c29e83b6cc791c875d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5014714,"id":"Q5014714"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1b2873dd8d801871927f41a9b6b51c07be23b0fc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7493629455566406","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q880315$2D539BA0-DE9C-486B-A95B-40BEB942623B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Variational principles for branched circle patterns","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Variational_principles_for_branched_circle_patterns"}}}}}