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The fundamental principles of relativity are addressed as well, in view of their role in quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory, especially Dirac's work. Indeed, Dirac's derivation of his relativistic equation for the electron from the principles of (special) relativity and quantum theory forms the focus of the article. Based on the works bei Einstein and Bohr, the principle of ``reality without realism'' is explained. The author also considers Heisenberg's earlier works leading him to the discovery of quantum mechanics, which inspired Dirac's work. The author argues that Heisenberg's and Dirac's works were guided by their adherence to and their confidence in the fundamental principles of quantum theory. The final section of the article discusses the recent work by D'Ariano and coworkers [\\textit{G. Chiribella}, \\textit{G. M. D'Ariano}, \\textit{P. Perinotti}, ``Probabilistic theories with purification'', Phys. Rev. A 81, No. 6, Article ID 062348, 40 p. 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