{"entities":{"Q893813":{"pageid":895661,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q893813","lastrevid":65265114,"modified":"2026-04-12T01:24:47Z","type":"item","id":"Q893813","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Closed form modeling of evolutionary rates by exponential Brownian functionals"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6512474"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$E1AA253F-9EE7-4C82-9458-85526256FFD8","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"cb3368c3f29c95bf6f80966430578e78ffaa4f48","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Closed form modeling of evolutionary rates by exponential Brownian functionals","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$0E326691-E939-4E60-AC70-1956AEE5EEF5","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"eae0ad78b3acc5e6c673c74e1a3dbaf2f25d7dac","datavalue":{"value":"1354.92054","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$9ECA43FF-AEDB-4781-9FE3-F20631016C44","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ea4b43679151d17741e6fc1d7de4fead7422b791","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":221478,"id":"Q221478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$310F5AF5-36D3-4AC4-8280-91648AEE0024","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7d32844a1cfd754f47a65a843c8db2aff02f093a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":893812,"id":"Q893812"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$C78AD96A-0D84-4F19-AEAE-35605F0519B3","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"08bf16591002cce6cbe2a2cf6c7e0988f39c3f17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":96675,"id":"Q96675"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$96F0B8FE-A5F0-4413-9F2B-036CD503F70B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7bc62645abb22752583f6909ba0e58feb505ce9c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2015-11-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$258E7086-DB2A-4BBF-970F-F58BC6E1A8F3","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"10afdbda91271f442cf40cf887d136c921368825","datavalue":{"value":"In this article, the authors present closed form integral expressions for the probability distribution of the pathwise average of evolutionary rates, assuming a bridged geometric Brownian model with diffusion parameter \\(\\sigma\\) governing the time-dependent fluctuation of the rate itself. The average substitution rate along a branch of a phylogeny whose length corresponds to \\(T\\) calendar times is then obtained by integrating over the Brownian trajectories conditional on the rates at times \\(0\\) and \\(T\\). Using these expressions, the validity of the gamma approximation of the average rate distribution is assessed using a distribution fit based on closed form expression of the first two moments.  When \\(\\sigma^2 T>4\\), corresponding to stronger rate fluctuations and/or longer periods, the gamma approximation is no longer accurate. In such situations, the approximating distribution of the average rate along a branch is gamma with a small shape parameter, i.e., with a large proportion of small average rates and few very large values, which is far from the actual density function. As a result, the distribution of the transition probabilities between character states (nucleotide, amino acids or codons) in large time does not match the expected limiting distribution, which is clearly not satisfactory. However, authors' experience with the analysis of real data sets suggests that \\(\\sigma^2 T\\) is generally smaller than 4, so the gamma approximation is likely to perform well in the practice.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$5463403E-936C-4D09-B113-63799E46DFD0","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"a6099d943dae68f8e2a231dd9e7c142b50ab5251","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":593105,"id":"Q593105"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$AA8F0B57-3205-4E09-9000-491BE4ECB1FD","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"628b6504534c9c491a1aed9f9fa031e89a793c1f","datavalue":{"value":"92D15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$9A95EF57-B57D-4BF0-98DF-C0C587B68B62","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3b27a9dd329983c5b25a374d752bed299934c73d","datavalue":{"value":"60J65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$1324865F-56F3-44ED-88F3-A5988D4D18AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b0a8ec7e0e558e61536a56fc2bf8ce5de05286c1","datavalue":{"value":"60J70","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$B33EAAB2-CFDE-4679-BDAC-7206A498199B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cd6b6937888d47f90747d5fdcdfa531bb0577fe8","datavalue":{"value":"6512474","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$AA28A479-B501-4DE1-B9C1-6F1A8D7F0CE7","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c2f16e546893692fd7000e5398eb33e3d24de261","datavalue":{"value":"evolutionary rates","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$10B60DBB-B65A-4F3D-A287-B7491B7CC180","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"96cb53cd10b218e365f6132d7f21a0fd1cb1c395","datavalue":{"value":"exponential Brownian functionals","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$7F5809C3-54A5-4F47-9C7B-BE4086CB6B99","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a72d167ff7a40cec5460a3eabe99ae33b913c0b7","datavalue":{"value":"molecular clocks","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$BF0C804E-FCD1-4E52-9D14-ED2776F09E7A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e93111d6d30bf1467281dfe51817a0e43ca91c69","datavalue":{"value":"phylogenetics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$D5D152A1-C846-441E-90C8-46934321D97A","rank":"normal"}],"P1463":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"81b0c1d29b545325167c0b1ef3c087dafcc83393","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":18738,"id":"Q18738"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$66CBAF04-A6A9-4650-B969-104F536067BA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"5f241d9153d8eee234c321ac7014cba476f0652c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":30911,"id":"Q30911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$12ACF3A0-45C6-474A-ACDD-3641C8A4056D","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$D9066DB0-4743-4812-AC59-2215B4EAB37D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e49cd95599afbd3debfc093e9328681328a9df35","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-015-0863-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$8C6BA427-2CF1-4796-AD5F-7078007515D4","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"78856b4c418aa2a695cbb599f08581b351573f05","datavalue":{"value":"W2147651647","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$539D95D0-78A2-4307-BD76-BC9D3B4A93FD","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"37760ac79700111b1a4147a407a07aa28b7f6166","datavalue":{"value":"Q46767480","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$76F42C44-D659-47A3-9D54-3F3A3BEB2DCC","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"204d2010ec23b6bc7e0bce2d53ea02e02924ac36","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5290632,"id":"Q5290632"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$C8F73417-BD82-4288-8F6E-B9B049B5C53F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0dc2b24e5f7f6255085fbb95c2dd5fd090d28744","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1796351,"id":"Q1796351"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$90DA1BFE-61FB-4D7C-9B65-9BC66273AAA9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32c6e463c7143538c0d5d05c3470d45bac256e07","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2583513,"id":"Q2583513"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$D0290E73-DD82-458C-A363-392FCC546BE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d362f57e729839b13bf880c727ea0d69861bb6ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3923307,"id":"Q3923307"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$7F63E5C0-1584-4DC0-8698-7C1E2AE4290E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"52900bb3f1ed6237434c6eacfa57623379fc1efa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1167483,"id":"Q1167483"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$C727EB23-15E1-4F2D-8453-1198E4279111","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8ad4bb763a7709e591695f418820fce525a9b8e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2489580,"id":"Q2489580"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$E54027B2-EAAF-4C8A-BE74-88CB1D0961D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"166200c670d7898064c92b097b37fd501a6cc8f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":980743,"id":"Q980743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$6BED482B-7557-4A6A-BF1C-C67A4716439A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a78d866ed783e88a0415b6e99293da1084e9ade4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":370901,"id":"Q370901"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$79FC0DB6-F62B-4D54-9F40-50444A98A969","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"71788f62057005ec49cda98fb773abb9fc90d95d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1381369,"id":"Q1381369"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$D1265041-E5D5-4D2F-A382-C7DAC417776A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5576893b170a55238d7eb44c1a507eecc3ee2722","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4856171,"id":"Q4856171"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$7729996B-BFFA-40CE-A5C9-8B86685E4E34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c587f9d7352004b3134286aa9eb263816dd0b92a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4014074,"id":"Q4014074"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$CF0E408D-B6AB-4E93-8510-6F7071719C7F","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"949c6542be608d80e990b20b64a21718c37e8371","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00285-015-0863-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q893813$AC9BC833-5EC5-4CB4-A71A-79F5A73EBC10","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f77d3cdfc4bb208cad4aca8a66943e59348a4b1f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2489580,"id":"Q2489580"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"940b8a4cbf40bbf68f652a4e2e97512e5bf76920","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7251427173614502","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q893813$904E85CF-48F5-4AEB-93B0-443986C3B19A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"828d232c8babc2ea734dd0ea8bb6da9b4cee5095","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5387086,"id":"Q5387086"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"54db488dceea4188be244dc26c041033e637085d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6857139468193054","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q893813$B7C049A8-B0C0-4F21-9418-76FA8FE69453","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1712396fef2a6aa0e86b11cecb7cddc9dd145cea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":300904,"id":"Q300904"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7885778f87f6002830b983f00e1d7c9b2714424b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6718810200691223","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q893813$68D43D32-E5B6-4025-BAE8-C6075D2D25CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2964d4f006605f1d584169343837b605339d2289","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1938705,"id":"Q1938705"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d21f6238c6bcf242a3caa0c417341bd229a570da","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6655980944633484","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q893813$81BE40DB-5024-49FA-B78D-675F5703839E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3f93cbd60b8787963c289c36c53e4944f4223845","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1716900,"id":"Q1716900"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1447acc2263282e36d6ef5131305bb4a59077156","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.647517740726471","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q893813$FEC2BD2D-9462-4E36-93A7-DC3ADE4FCBDF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Closed form modeling of evolutionary rates by exponential Brownian functionals","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Closed_form_modeling_of_evolutionary_rates_by_exponential_Brownian_functionals"}}}}}