{"entities":{"Q907018":{"pageid":908866,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q907018","lastrevid":65309418,"modified":"2026-04-12T01:42:51Z","type":"item","id":"Q907018","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A refinement of sutured Floer homology"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6537846"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$45124AB2-69A9-491E-AC1E-331AB1614A2D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"750a0ef3d56c924498beba3de707192e164ac45e","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A refinement of sutured Floer homology","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$6D04256F-41C5-4C52-8872-D221663915E2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"1fd837979d26cfe24ae2fcb052892b0a8bec3a1d","datavalue":{"value":"1335.53112","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$469B4FBA-91B4-4AAF-B2CC-B5F32BEB0198","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"81daffb2260e196589c95d238c28b7fc0732bb54","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":907017,"id":"Q907017"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$191E676B-E3D9-41E9-89FB-DFC97225BB69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ca079218c6989ed690bcaa8aed73926028fa5ce7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":291748,"id":"Q291748"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$B947AF0F-CCAF-4D25-9B3E-04E15B75B395","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9e3616eb4fa66cd8a907cb98b9b6a1ca82f66944","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":283503,"id":"Q283503"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$D2BE6522-087E-4AD0-9913-EECA3177C1E3","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4e034c4c69fbe47b255b2c4d4cdf43d1c720ffac","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q907018$02B60657-924C-4469-9D44-2FDDDBF629FC","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"259a8bd5b018d1b139c74919a6250e449b9873d7","datavalue":{"value":"The authors say that Heegaard Floer homology for closed 3d-dimensional manifolds [\\textit{P. Ozsv\u00e1th} and \\textit{Z. Szab\u00f3}, Ann. Math. (2) 159, No. 3, 1027--1158 (2004; Zbl 1073.57009); ibid. 159, No. 3, 1159--1245 (2004; Zbl 1081.57013)] resulted in very powerful tools for the study of various structures of low-dimensional topology, including knots and links. The Ozsv\u00e1th-Szab\u00f3 complexes associated with a closed 3-manifold come in different flavors. They are called \\textit{hat, minus, plus} and \\textit{infinity} modules. The other versions may be reconstructed from the \\textit{minus chain complex}.   A direction to extend Heegaard Floer homology to 3-manifolds with boundary, is to assume that the boundary is sutured [\\textit{D. Gabai}, J. Differ. Geom. 18, 445--503 (1983; Zbl 0533.57013); ibid. 26, 461--478 (1987; Zbl 0627.57012); ibid. 26, 479--536 (1987; Zbl 0639.57008)].  Assuming that the sutured manifold \\((X,\\tau)\\) is balanced, the \\(hat\\) version of the Ozsy\u00e1th-Sab\u00f3 complex was generalized to sutured manifolds by \\textit{A. Juh\u00e1sz} [Algebr. Geom. Topol. 6, 1429--1457 (2006; Zbl 1129.57039)].   In this paper, assuming \\((X,\\tau)\\) to be weakly balanced (weaker condition than balanced), a \\textit{minus theory} associated with a sutured manifold is presented.   A sutured manifold (without toroidal structure) \\((X,\\tau)\\) is a compact oriented 3-manifold with boundary \\(\\partial X\\) together with a set of disjoint closed curves \\(\\tau=(\\tau_1,\\dots,\\tau_k)\\) on \\(\\partial X\\) (Definition 2.1. Satured manifolds, relative \\(\\mathrm{Spin}^c\\) structures and Heegaard diagram are reviewed in \\S2). Let \\(\\mathfrak{R}(\\tau)=\\mathfrak{R}^+(\\tau)\\cup\\mathfrak{R}^-(\\tau)\\), where \\(\\mathfrak{R}^\\pm(\\tau)\\) are the positive and negative part of the boundary. Then \\((X,\\tau)\\) is called weakly balanced if the Euler characteristics satisfies \\(\\chi(\\mathfrak{R}^+(\\tau))=\\chi(\\mathfrak{R}^-(\\tau))\\).   To construct the Ozsv\u00e1th-Sab\u00f3 complex, first associate an algebra \\(\\mathbb A\\), a quotient of the polynomial algebra \\(\\mathbb Z[\\mathbf{u}_1,\\dots,\\mathbf{u}_\\kappa]\\) by an ideal reflecting the topology of \\(\\mathfrak{R}^\\pm\\), to the boundary of \\(X\\). Detailed definition and properties of \\(\\mathbb A\\) are given in \\S3. Let \\(G(\\mathbb A)\\) be a set of monomials which form a generator of \\(\\mathbb A\\) as a module over \\(\\mathbb Z\\). Then there is a natural map  \\[ \\chi:G(\\mathbb A)\\to \\mathbb H=\\mathbb H_\\tau=\\mathrm H^2(X,\\partial X,\\mathbb Z). \\]  Next take an admissible Heegaard diagram \\((\\Sigma,\\alpha,\\beta,\\mathbf{z})\\) for \\((X,\\tau)\\) (cf. Definition 4.1), where \\(\\Sigma\\) is a closed Riemann surface, \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) are \\(\\ell\\)-tuples of disjoint simple closed curves, and \\(\\mathbf{z}\\) is a set of \\(\\kappa\\) marked points on \\(\\Sigma\\). The details on admissible Heegaard diagram are explained in \\S4. Let \\(\\Sigma^\\circ\\) be the complement of a neighborhood of \\(\\mathbf{z}\\). Then \\(X\\) is obtained from \\(\\Sigma^\\circ\\times [-1,1]\\) by attaching 2-handles to \\(\\alpha\\times\\{-1\\}\\) and \\(\\beta\\times\\{1\\}\\), while \\(\\tau\\) is obtained as \\((\\partial\\Sigma^\\circ)\\times\\{0\\}\\). The Ozsv\u00e1th-Sab\u00f3 chain complex \\(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s})\\) is generated as a free \\(\\mathbb A\\)-module by those intersection points of the tori \\(\\mathbb T_\\alpha\\), \\(\\mathbb T_\\beta\\subset\\mathrm{Sym}^\\ell(\\Sigma)\\) associated with \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) which correspond to the \\(\\mathrm{Spin}^c\\) class \\(\\mathbf{s}\\in\\mathrm{Spin}^c(X)\\). The differential \\(\\partial\\) of this complex is defined by counting holomorphic disks \\(\\phi\\) of Maslov index 1 connecting the generators \\(\\mathbf{x}\\) and \\(\\mathbf{y}\\) of the complex (the details are explained in \\S5). Let \\(\\bar{X}\\) be the three-manifold obtained by filling the sutures of \\((X,\\tau)\\) by attaching 2-handles to the sutures in \\(\\tau\\). Then the main result of this paper is the following.   {Theorem 1.1}. Suppose that \\((X,\\tau)\\) is a weakly balanced sutured manifold, \\(\\mathbf{s}\\in\\mathrm{Spin}^c(\\bar{X})\\) is a \\(\\mathrm{Spin}^c\\) structure on \\(\\bar{X}=\\bar{X}^\\tau\\), and \\((\\Sigma,\\alpha,\\beta,\\mathbf{z})\\) is an \\(\\mathbf{s}\\)-admissible Heegaard diagram for \\((X,\\tau)\\). Then \\(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s})\\) is a filtered \\((\\mathbb A,\\mathbb H_\\tau)\\) chain complex. The filtered \\((\\mathbb A,\\mathbb H_\\tau)\\) chain homotopy type of the filtered \\((\\mathbb A,\\mathbb H_\\tau)\\) chain complex \\(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s})\\) is an invariant of the weakly balanced sutured manifold \\((X,\\tau)\\) and the \\(\\mathrm{Spin}^c\\) class \\(\\mathbf{s}\\in\\mathrm{Spin}^c(X)\\). In particular, for any \\(\\underline{\\mathbf{s}}\\in\\mathbf{s}\\subset\\mathrm{Spin}^c(X,\\tau)\\) the chain homotopy type of the summand  \\[ \\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}})\\subset\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s})=\\oplus_{\\underline{\\mathbf{s}}\\in\\mathbf{s}}\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}})  \\]  is also an invariant of \\((X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}})\\).   Invariance of chain homotopy type is proved in \\S6. If \\(\\mathbb B\\) is an \\(\\mathbb A\\)-module, then the chain homotopy type of \\(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s};\\mathbb B)= \\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s})\\otimes_\\mathbb A\\mathbb B\\) is an invariant of \\((X,\\tau)\\). Hence, the homology group \\(\\mathrm{HF}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}};\\mathbb B)=H_\\ast(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}};\\mathbb B),\\partial)\\) is defined and an invariant of \\((X,\\tau)\\). Especially, if \\((X,\\tau)\\) is balanced, the sutured Floer homology of Juh\u00e1sz is recovered as  \\[ \\mathrm{SFH}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}})=\\mathrm{HF}(X,\\tau,\\underline{\\mathbf{s}};\\mathbb Z). \\]  It is also shown that an irreducible balanced sutured manifold \\((X,\\tau)\\) is \\(taut\\) if and only if the filtered \\((\\mathbb B_\\tau,\\mathbb H_\\tau)\\) chain homology type of the complex \\(\\mathrm{CF}(X,\\tau,\\mathbf{s};\\mathbb B)\\) is not trivial for some \\(\\mathrm{Spin}^c\\) structure \\(\\mathbf{s}\\in\\mathrm{Spin}^c(\\bar{X})\\) (Proposition 1.2, \\S5, Proposition 5.14).   This paper also presents a generalization of the stabilization formula in [\\textit{P. Ozsv\u00e1th} and \\textit{Z. Szab\u00f3}, Algebr. Geom. Topol. 8, No. 2, 615--692 (2008; Zbl 1144.57011)] (\\S7. Proposition 7.5), a generalization of the surgery triangle for balanced sutured manifolds (\\S8), and a connected sum formula for the sutured Floer complex (Theorem 1.5. \\S9. Proposition 9.3, Theorem 9.5).   This paper concludes by giving some examples (\\S9). The last example (Example 9.7) takes a connected path \\(G\\) with four vertices inside \\(S^3\\). Vertices are colored with \\(\\pm\\) and the numbers of \\(+\\) is equal to the numbers of \\(-\\). Then the algebra associated to the boundary of \\((S^3(G), \\tau(G))\\) is  \\[ \\mathbb A=\\frac{\\mathbb Z[\\mathbf{u}_1,\\mathbf{u}_2,\\mathbf{u}_3]}{\\langle\\mathbf{u}_1\\mathbf{u}_2+\\mathbf{u}_3=\\mathbf{u}_1+\\mathbf{u}_2\\mathbf{u}_3\\rangle}. \\]  A Heegaard diagram \\(H=(S^2,\\alpha,\\beta,\\mathbf{z}=\\{z_1,z_2,z_3\\})\\) is constructed taking \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) as simple closed curves bounding disks \\(A\\) and \\(B\\) on \\(S^2\\) and intersecting each other in two points \\(\\{x,y\\}\\). Assume \\(z_2\\in A\\cap B\\), \\(z_1\\in A- B\\), \\(z_3\\in B-A\\), we have  \\[ \\mathrm{CF}(S^2,\\alpha,\\beta,\\mathbf{z})=\\mathbb A\\langle x,y\\rangle, \\;\\partial x=(\\mathbf{u}_1-\\mathbf{u}_3)y, \\;\\partial y=(\\mathbf{u}_2 -1)x.  \\]  Thus the chain homotopy type of \\(\\mathrm{CF}(S^3(G), \\tau(G),\\mathbf{s}_0)\\) is non-trivial, while 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