{"entities":{"Q910454":{"pageid":912302,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q910454","lastrevid":65283483,"modified":"2026-04-12T01:32:05Z","type":"item","id":"Q910454","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Linear dependence of linear transformations and images"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4139932"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$C9FC47A1-E266-4211-91D2-651DA33CBEDF","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"a6de922a420cd36b8df2b48d32475d9796840ef0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Linear dependence of linear transformations and images","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$E45797E4-EDB8-43E9-B35B-0469E91C3488","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d5140ee44ccb5297562f44c3cbb2497f2318f671","datavalue":{"value":"0696.15001","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$C79D8E5A-B543-42A9-8F74-0FC9C661560F","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"6b83eaffac083cc4d6316e50c3b7a79a4dddd82a","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0024-3795(89)90003-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$4B6866EA-9B3A-4AD1-9F90-DD06B19092CA","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5789ce29b0a3005c0e5d0072dcf5cc9262918ab9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":910453,"id":"Q910453"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$4746C773-947D-445B-B9F9-0C92F176A465","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8de031de05325b44570d0c47c3ec8813873d565c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":92813,"id":"Q92813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$14D3DBF1-9C8D-43B0-9933-EE71877B9753","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7211ad5ca16eb0d22cd0051fff3d0f3af254ceb6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1989-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$6D07B951-5934-4798-A77A-441B0529AC08","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"03e7c6bd4f40d45a9e178fd4db55a41d03410b24","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(A_ 0,A_ 1,...,A_ n\\) be \\(m'\\times m\\) matrices such that, for each column vector \\(\\alpha\\) of length m, \\(A_ 0\\alpha\\) is linearly dependent on the vectors \\(A_ i\\alpha\\) \\((i=1,...,n)\\). The problem which the author studies is: under what further conditions can we conclude that the matrix \\(A_ 0\\) is linearly dependent on the matrices \\(A_ i\\) \\((i=1,...,n)?\\)    Let \\(\\lambda_ 1,...,\\lambda_ s\\) be a basis for the column space of the matrices \\(A_ 1,...,A_ n\\). Then the hypothesis on the \\(A_ i\\) implies that there are unique row vectors \\(\\phi_{ij}\\) of length m such that \\(A_ j=\\sum \\lambda_ i\\phi_{ij}\\) for \\(j=0,1,...,n\\), and row vectors \\(\\kappa_ i\\) of length n such that \\(\\phi_{i0}=\\kappa_ iF_ i\\) for \\(i=1,....,s\\) where \\(F_ i\\) is the matrix with rows \\(\\phi_{ij}\\) \\((j=1,...,n)\\). The author gives a series of criteria involving the \\(F_ i\\) and \\(\\kappa_ i\\) which determine when the original matrices are linearly dependent (unfortunately these are too complicated to state here). Using these criteria, he completely analyzes the situation in the \\(2\\times 2\\) case.    \\(\\{\\) The reader should be warned that some ambiguities arise because the \\(\\kappa_ i\\) are not uniquely determined. In particular, the author informs me that the hypotheses of Theorem 2 would be clarified by adding ``for some choice of \\(\\kappa_ i''.\\}\\)","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$A9B7FDB2-00FF-49B1-AF52-D6D7C13A6F10","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e970d93ffc7c98d538ff001152bd6d8854b6c34c","datavalue":{"value":"15A04","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$641A9EC2-2F95-4DEB-ABC6-F0AB57191230","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5594ea9c232a142cdfe1e0ef1bad42187117f7eb","datavalue":{"value":"4139932","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$FF135142-249C-48E0-B5D0-50EA288C0F24","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"407f9ea49f49992f4cff791f420257aef4cf87b3","datavalue":{"value":"linear dependence of linear transformations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$133CF0A0-296D-4DA3-B7F6-78AC97CDDCF9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$B11A217C-D471-4E2F-A66C-531115892AFF","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"aac295c51ae643ffbf8935eb5f6a52f0e2c14a4d","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3795(89)90003-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$35434259-D309-4933-AB25-2956ACA8A7E7","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"f4ba2a66e39beecf888dc6e70f31263c303e7555","datavalue":{"value":"W1977249363","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q910454$B3B4217A-3BC2-4B8E-9EC2-0113B8720A40","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7a781161b593297968a66c8ec13f3af56ca4fee3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3526391,"id":"Q3526391"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b22418de9f096e9c71b8ee1cb3974bf457b5106b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87311614","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$34BCAAA0-03F4-49DD-8BAF-AAAEFE9D92E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"619849fcc32e489caa0922610b34a849cf59143e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4856655,"id":"Q4856655"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4cd944fb6268f3fd182977c261e2f85b50848ccd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.873116","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$8AAB80D5-087B-47A8-963E-ACCBE3CF47AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8ebe68944b080d48e563dedda12b05b7889d4878","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5688529,"id":"Q5688529"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"35ce089f42775fd0571a9c83e709c41ff8fe6b6e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87115175","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$B1E34D52-869C-4E32-ABC2-5ABE95FE830C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"610722e1df7e48eb2a9642924cd7aba5de4ffbdc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5142564,"id":"Q5142564"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"09ea26886d93c654658090ec4d38f4d81e452671","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8450238","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$3F4D0DCF-1BE4-4806-8384-F99A71207452","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"599f0ae1dd975267bef8f964e6df396453027e45","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1320005,"id":"Q1320005"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f82718befb26955aad0b0e523623fa84879aca49","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.844453","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$303C6857-8FD3-4CF3-8F7E-FFF757346289","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"013492daeab8ea1f409dab97a395e2376de785e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":603138,"id":"Q603138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f6be200346799cb11404d1046c8063b98c20ab76","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84264207","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$6D493BC3-761B-4A3D-8E34-D5A89FE03DA6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"aa68d0e41478089801f1121d1dab5880cd640ba5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4720052,"id":"Q4720052"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b9a679629bf57d2cdc1cf01e26608803f9e2a323","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8399611","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$D7058843-DD5C-419E-92F8-4074751A8565","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"70e773d5cf8bfc1035c0075472907559e9b6ce8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":448358,"id":"Q448358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5be4c62b1ce47aa4d98f20d726f6516aad5361b0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8391162","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$D5E0B02E-5B52-452C-9DB9-7B3E6F7AB99F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f6dfe5325f763987689bd493be6b4e1dbc63fdd4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2653329,"id":"Q2653329"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5fb2c38dc0e33a874b312abf17c959b162a21350","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8341004","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q910454$DF1AE3D1-FA91-4CA5-A2AC-E3FA1FA0A55F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Linear dependence of linear transformations and images","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Linear_dependence_of_linear_transformations_and_images"}}}}}