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The major problem in this context is to find a good smoothing parameter h. Various data-driven bandwidth choices have been suggested, mainly based on \\(L_ 2\\)-error criteria. This paper is concerned with \\(L_ 1\\)-convergence and suitable bandwidth choices H. The aim is to find asymptotically optimal procedures, which means  \\[  E(\\int | \\hat f_ n(x,H)-f(x)| dx)/\\inf_{h>0}E(\\int | \\hat f_ n(x,h)-f(x)| dx)\\to 1,\\quad as\\quad n\\to \\infty,  \\]  in analogy to the result of \\textit{C. J. Stone}, Ann. Stat. 12, 1285-1297 (1984; Zbl 0599.62052) for the \\(L_ 2\\)-error based on a CV-bandwidth. Cross validation is not useful in the \\(L_ 1\\)- case, so the author suggests the following method:    Use a second kernel estimator \\(\\tilde f\\) based on a different kernel L. The Fourier transforms of K and L should be different near 0 (e.g. K and L are kernels of different order). Then, choose H as the minimizer of \\(\\int | \\hat f_ n(x,h)-\\tilde f_ n(x,h)| dx.\\) The following results give a flavour of the theorems obtained:    1.) E(\\(\\int | \\hat f_ n(x,H)-f(x)| dx)\\to 0\\), \\(n\\to \\infty\\), for all densities f on \\({\\mathbb{R}}.\\)    2.) Assume that \\(f^{(s-1)}\\) is absolutely continuous on \\({\\mathbb{R}}\\) and \\(\\int \\sqrt{f}dx<\\infty\\), then  \\[  \\limsup_{n\\to \\infty}\\{E \\int | \\hat f_ n(x,H)-f(x)| dx/\\inf_{h>0} E \\int | \\hat f_ n(x,h)- f(x)| dx\\}\\leq c(L,K)  \\]  (c-optimality), provided K is a kernel of order s, so that f is in the saturation class of K.    3.) \\(H\\to 0\\), nH\\(\\to \\infty\\) and \\(\\int | \\hat f_ n(x,H)-f(x)| dx\\to 0\\), completely, for an arbitrary density f on 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