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There are 8 geometries for closed 3-manifolds, and 6 of these give rise to Seifert fiber spaces; moreover each closed orientable Seifert fiber space belongs to one of these 6 geometries. In a similar way, the corresponding 4-dimensional geometries have been classified, and 8 of them give rise to 4-dimensional Seifert fiber spaces (Seifert 4- manifolds); here a Seifert 4-manifold is a manifold with a Seifert fibration by 2-dimensional tori \\(T^ 2\\) (as regular fibers) over a 2- dimensional base orbifold B. These 8 geometries are \\(S^ 2\\times E^ 2\\), \\(S^ 3\\times E\\) (base B spherical or bad), \\(E^ 4\\), \\(Nil^ 3\\times E\\), \\(Nil^ 4\\), \\(Sol^ 3\\times E\\) (B euclidean) and \\({\\mathbb{H}}^ 2\\times E^ 2\\), \\(SL_ 2\\times E\\) (B hyperbolic).    The present is the first of 2 papers studying in a rather complete way the geometries of Seifert 4-manifolds in terms of Seifert invariants, including the case of nonorientable base B containing reflectors; in the present first paper the cases with euclidean base are done. The main results are as follows. Every closed orientable Seifert 4-manifold admits a geometric structure if the base 2-orbifold B is not hyperbolic (whereas in the hyperbolic case most Seifert 4-manifolds are not geometric). On the other hand, every closed orientable geometric 4-manifold of one of the above 8 types is a Seifert 4-manifold, with one exception (maybe 2, see the remark below) which is \\(S^ 1\\)-fibered but not \\(T^ 2\\)-fibered. Moreover it is studied when the fundamental group of a Seifert 4-manifold determines it up to diffeomorphism resp. fiber-preserving diffeomorphism; like in the 3-dimensional case, in some of the 8 cases the same manifold admits several different Seifert fibrations so one can produce lists of these. All of this extends and completes previous work of several authors.    The geometric Seifert 4-manifolds contain several interesting classes of 4-manifolds, among them classes of complex surfaces (a connection studied previously by Wall) and most of the euclidean (flat) 4-manifolds \\((E^ 4\\)-geometry): the one exception mentioned above is such a euclidean 4- manifold with a Seifert fibration by circles (but not by 2-tori), over a euclidean (nonfibered) 3-orbifold which is a quotient of the euclidean Hantzsche-Wendt manifold (holonomy \\({\\mathbb{Z}}_ 2\\oplus {\\mathbb{Z}}_ 2)\\) by an isometry of order 3 (the quotient is \\(S^ 3\\) with the figure-8-knot as singular set); however the Hantzsche-Wendt manifold admits also an isometry of order 6 with nonfibered quotient [see, e.g., the reviewer's paper in Monatsh. Math. 110 (1990)], so there seem to be really 2 exceptions, the first one being a 2-fold covering of the second 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