{"entities":{"Q933872":{"pageid":935720,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q933872","lastrevid":65562966,"modified":"2026-04-12T03:27:09Z","type":"item","id":"Q933872","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A modified rough set approach to incomplete information systems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5304391"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$B10B2745-03E9-42D4-8FF3-DD729C4A725E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"6d6123c647d60fdbb1ff5651221605f3fe867d86","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A modified rough set approach to incomplete information systems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$5A6BA62E-81E1-4C3F-BBB9-CADA84DD6D70","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"7983a86b3417d50c1efb0cae12432b2307a378b2","datavalue":{"value":"1170.68611","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$0181B85A-C61B-4811-B108-2B7205962E82","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"397d4dd9cd4023a7d4947b9b60d401d20ef83d02","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2007/58248","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$8D5623C9-B799-4AC2-BC98-8D0ADF195B62","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"359643a46147cef5b8474bca8e33f152657cad27","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":476251,"id":"Q476251"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$2F1CFB46-80BE-4B46-922D-27DB91E7E0E5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c32471b6103a4b61147224f041f454b607dafe16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":607169,"id":"Q607169"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$C0A52486-4538-4B75-8500-60A734891261","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2667ede3c799ce775e1354a7b01bedbcf0d3b548","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":933871,"id":"Q933871"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$75A25D35-583B-4B7E-BD3E-C02991236324","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"d127085f944eb24026719a2a4a849158864c3044","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":86285,"id":"Q86285"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$F9B42BA5-F43B-4722-97EC-37B6751C19E7","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"60a248c52134c1d37399326068b8b43c7e9797e9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-07-28T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$225D3488-6BF5-4318-B892-2D3AEED6BFBE","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"0b6bf4570c53f5b935aea86b53de9a59e0547ab3","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/130536","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$D9880A1A-6D64-4C9E-81B8-CA475184F023","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"20121acb597dc33b59f81a4bd44c0d0d7534879d","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: The key point of the tolerance relation or similarity relation presented in the literature is to assign a ``null'' value to all missing attribute values. In other words, a ``null'' value may be equal to any value in the domain of the attribute values. This may cause a serious effect in data analysis and decision analysis because the missing values are just ``missed'' but they do exist and have an influence on the decision. In this paper, we will introduce the modified similarity relation denoted by MSIM that is dependent on the number of missing values with respect to the number of the whole defined attributes for each object. According to the definition of MSIM, many problems concerning the generalized decisions are solved. This point may be used in scaling in statistics in a wide range. Also, a new definition of the discernibility matrix, deduction of the decision rules, and reducts in the present of the missing values are obtained.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$BCDC4802-6F67-46B2-8206-3C42AC4DB150","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1f66a3c6f6c4263d812ea49e5394cac6ea83ef9b","datavalue":{"value":"68T37","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$64F16169-6876-45BD-AD1A-5365B599974D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cfe779e91fe9c53ee133568259955801965765ae","datavalue":{"value":"68T05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$0610BD77-6E2E-4B3C-A771-A9653994CC2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48a59f52dcfcc38cd6697e0ef07319031311895b","datavalue":{"value":"62H30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$33B773F4-41DF-4228-B798-FDD2732EA21E","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b604bb613f4a8bfb068c7678422bee18e19e351e","datavalue":{"value":"5304391","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$A4893EFE-B615-4D00-BFA0-9B5C8D89795D","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$B105C989-C70E-495F-9DA1-4AE2B165C73B","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"cfb4d88e7f05ee0f790acfa53a4af5dae83c88ca","datavalue":{"value":"W2003080545","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$0FEBB81D-B84A-44AC-8C6F-589368BECB35","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e19222e8886f30b7dd0b2c803b6e41f006bcba87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2761082,"id":"Q2761082"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$9B4B2E9A-358E-438D-AE54-235EE68CFE30","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"82bd738f2843188e675b23c6e0f6300cf1c1d2bd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3967078,"id":"Q3967078"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$ACCB90AA-6456-4411-A2EF-386A9EE9E229","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"abab170453153f97dc0011f27b05b3169ad373b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4709294,"id":"Q4709294"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$A4BF177E-819D-45BB-BE89-E69B3D44B663","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f20b9f566ac11163d7aaa696ef3aef3909c8b77c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4950073,"id":"Q4950073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$66F5AD07-7749-4D17-8D46-844E9B2F32B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bd8eb80d88be8cc6244f2fb0fc931d623e42d875","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5394494,"id":"Q5394494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$DD6612A2-1242-44F2-9A68-DBE2579E69C2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fb2f41130b509831baf5af23268e2d9282bcc7e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1818807,"id":"Q1818807"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q933872$EF647766-4F2C-421A-A7B9-244B5B7D9886","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a5611921b7f20ec244e48f6e1589c5b39c1dd17b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5394494,"id":"Q5394494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"90564cdd107b37466d197068b44ad97c617bc014","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8310531973838806","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q933872$459EEE1D-F771-465F-A478-EDEB68789DCD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"43ce21e142a5ca88629af8e04099f6360937c938","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4666426,"id":"Q4666426"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"79385b94f76ff60cfda338c1e6c15f33e569abcc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8245186805725098","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q933872$F17C0D60-51D8-4E68-9CAF-125A0DEB02F2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bc5660cc3e55a3f38cde21ecadd4c312b7ea4e17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4250262,"id":"Q4250262"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7319c56fc145eec3ef96c2cf2ffa5e66a0b30bfe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8205952644348145","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q933872$DE8423FF-A326-4E3D-ADE6-0BB6B2618518","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2eec230ebda00056609769e417437c787652c12b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5128217,"id":"Q5128217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7b4bfdcb986542bc710eb6beba52ced6af4e86d3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8142383098602295","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q933872$67DEBAE5-04C1-4625-81DC-887C3DA1E069","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c48a94870c4a620dd5112766987476cac6d34056","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3412118,"id":"Q3412118"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"63ef9c04f376ed32359af5e460a595f2b77bfa5a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8106206655502319","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q933872$4BF1B2BA-E561-40C3-B816-F376C2627CAB","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A modified rough set approach to incomplete information systems","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_modified_rough_set_approach_to_incomplete_information_systems"}}}}}