{"entities":{"Q935010":{"pageid":936858,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q935010","lastrevid":65514360,"modified":"2026-04-12T03:07:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q935010","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"An extension of a result of Lehmer on numbers coprime to \\(n\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5306420"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$8A3608D8-124F-4C8A-A9F7-9B506BC45B77","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"8ef9423aa67347811fa3cfa1531089e478a6c1dc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"An extension of a result of Lehmer on numbers coprime to \\(n\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$4EE01F43-4863-4B06-BEAE-925540CAF3E7","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ed5f00d16eda8ab260746651775947062f0e6d2f","datavalue":{"value":"1236.11085","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$4B6D717B-D1E9-4072-B7B2-34E3548B60CA","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"08c25da5813a64bb58b545e5a473febdb94089f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":175895,"id":"Q175895"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$B382F112-D4F3-431B-8A1E-662EFE191FDF","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"8d7bf80e07847c0b262029f7e143cabd4beaa66d","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-07-31T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$DE88C03C-BCBF-4C02-948E-0A21274350B4","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"5f70002a054d80e9dfa47f091d046f5eea350fc5","datavalue":{"value":"For squarefree \\(N\\) and \\(x\\in\\mathbb R\\), let  \\[ \\Delta(x, N)= \\sum_{\\substack{ n\\leq xN\\\\ (n,N)=1}} 1-x\\varphi(N). \\]  When \\(p\\equiv -1\\pmod q\\) for every prime \\(p\\mid N\\) where \\(q> 1\\), in [Can. J. Math. 7, 347--357 (1955; Zbl 0064.27902)], \\textit{D. H. Lehmer} investigated \\(\\Delta({a\\over q},N)\\) for any \\(a\\) with \\(1\\leq a< q\\) and \\(q\\) hence obtained a lower bound for \\(\\Delta_q(N)= \\max_{1\\leq a\\leq q-1} |\\Delta({a\\over q},N)|\\). The present authors continue their study of \\(\\Delta(x,N)\\) with the aim here of generalizing Lehmer's result in the case when \\(q\\) is an odd prime, \\(q\\nmid N\\), by allowing the prime divisors of squarefree \\(N\\) to lie in arbitrarily many reduced residue classes \\(r_j\\pmod q\\), \\(1\\leq j\\leq k\\), each having an order \\(o_j\\pmod q\\) satisfying \\(o_j\\equiv 2\\pmod 4\\). Let \\(n_j\\) denote the number of primes \\(p\\mid N\\) belonging to the residue class \\(r_j\\pmod q\\). For any \\(a\\) with \\(1\\leq a\\leq q- 1\\), the authors establish that  \\[ \\Biggl|\\Delta\\Biggl({a\\over q}, N\\Biggr)\\Biggr|\\geq {2^{\\omega(N)}\\over \\alpha}+ o(2^{\\omega(N)}) \\]  as \\(\\min_j\\,n_j\\to\\infty\\), where \\(\\alpha\\) is the l.c.m. of the orders \\(o_j\\) of the distinct residues \\(r_j\\) and \\(\\omega(N)\\) is the number of primes dividing \\(N\\). The case \\(\\alpha= 2\\) is covered by Lehmer's result. The proof uses an intricate combinatorial argument starting from the representation  \\[ \\Delta\\Biggl({a\\over q}, N\\Biggr)= -\\mu(N) \\sum_{d\\mid N} \\mu(d)\\,P\\Biggl({ad\\over q}\\Biggr), \\]  where \\(P(t)\\) denotes the first Bernoulli polynomial. The right side is expressed in terms of multiple sums involving certain characters \\(\\pmod q\\). The dominant term is then identified and estimated from below whilst an upper bound for the remaining terms is found, giving the result stated above. Using a filtering process the authors go on to show that \\(\\Delta_q(N)\\geq{2^{\\omega(N)}\\over \\alpha}\\) for any values of the \\(n_j\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$22532905-08D6-44FB-BF71-DD4854FC0F7F","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"8f98d71ccf58dc30adf133347b919811e3e71305","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590995,"id":"Q590995"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$5D2F1794-DF2A-4976-A512-A5BABDBBD991","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7c2eb42a01c6d1209538ab1ef910c81f1a87b7ac","datavalue":{"value":"11N25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$085A7FCF-C6DA-4B43-AA8F-13F91089FB1A","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"97d1814e1a0c48687c31eac8cc371b3d663b6dd0","datavalue":{"value":"5306420","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$8F46C6A6-9094-447F-8F83-4198CE6B7341","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9c8b1f625fedcd9439204e36b36998b9fb81fb84","datavalue":{"value":"Euler's function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$7793107D-D719-471E-8B48-088D683D6DF8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1f30f01baa0dbe102ed14d61f6acd511c378aa58","datavalue":{"value":"discrepancy","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$FE567092-E987-4B11-B08D-AEA03E006826","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c0b7052676a1cee5087fc21c4c027451c50b627f","datavalue":{"value":"Lehmer's bounds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$8738C9B2-1094-4043-983E-73EE5663967E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"28ae477753e3d1796b7d8323296731cc7809a2ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":752757,"id":"Q752757"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$E91A97D6-987B-40CC-B722-DE850EFED15E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"76544c41f066ee21a81cc2ed19cec534cc73836f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1389811,"id":"Q1389811"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$68BA9B60-361F-4658-96E1-B5EDD6986D84","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$3E139797-54D7-406F-9AC7-31ED1D2489CE","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"8a5ca83829cf576a336acab1c1a2a64dd94115ee","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11139-007-9095-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$FEF7D84F-9D46-4591-8300-FD920CA55560","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"f7587f006aab0934c38cbc6233c3d9ef2aac980a","datavalue":{"value":"W2107279942","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$9E57FD92-83CE-49D6-AED1-6701E9C1AF5B","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"794af9d95663b95b245214cee6787e3d7a8f5097","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4222199,"id":"Q4222199"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$5FFD423C-DAC4-43E5-ABE8-8E9B5B4EABDC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e82649e755b4f038273df435ea6b22b262120230","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3593994,"id":"Q3593994"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$41379863-4DB9-4304-8D7F-98DAD8F590B7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"08a52aecd591efc59a61f97ba937aeaac51864ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5703687,"id":"Q5703687"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$34337A46-883E-4556-AF6C-87535EC3D025","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dcc83fae14b137ab5416fe8a57992d1d3b2fb831","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5848283,"id":"Q5848283"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$6674118B-28BE-43D4-B14D-7E263989A108","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"03fb8a665d072eb8f32ed33b90add9f7c4d3a417","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5805088,"id":"Q5805088"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$92334BBC-C0F0-40FB-A90F-E4655F04EB02","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"43d03ed71298ee9649c6d5be8aa186910c728ae4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3943047,"id":"Q3943047"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$8BF7C53F-C1C8-4742-9B01-CA00BD70F23D","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0dfd69a6d982398e2546d0c71217cf07d821a623","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S11139-007-9095-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935010$257DD500-22F8-433C-A5E1-FF2978234F17","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3f85f9bc0dd9beafd55454a3afbef7c4b5741081","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":839754,"id":"Q839754"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c3febdd01250959903ecbd65c3c35961d4fd0077","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7934812903404236","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935010$F94A27C2-4F49-4C80-98B6-B7E7A3FC6601","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0999540f55c2951bd2f29744cac6890a3331242b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4488893,"id":"Q4488893"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"34f6ce77ff0462f59188d530f6ea5f66c2d10880","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7933727502822876","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935010$C9737FC3-6B1E-4574-816A-9A52185BAD8E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bb8454c1e1b215a8cd39ba4150cda42f81fd84df","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1309134,"id":"Q1309134"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"13a8ad9c9ef530b5b62b63783037d0b537c0757b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.793329656124115","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935010$77C87A0E-88AE-4005-A51A-73381D56E450","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a1291cd9ae20669d1a64ec68fcffabb9aa412607","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3593994,"id":"Q3593994"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"98e60c422b2cf857054eb5658a0c5e3cdca30aad","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7932085394859314","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935010$451C121E-9739-411E-A517-8974F32F07C1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d3a5eeeb935126754d22bb14fc2ecddbd800cbf8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4296334,"id":"Q4296334"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5e896ea660344cf9af9ff378850b5ab5a515f51c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7927865982055664","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935010$5F59AC72-8D6D-4A41-84BF-C72AA8C95304","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"An extension of a result of Lehmer on numbers coprime to \\(n\\)","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/An_extension_of_a_result_of_Lehmer_on_numbers_coprime_to_%5C(n%5C)"}}}}}