{"entities":{"Q935373":{"pageid":937221,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q935373","lastrevid":65467356,"modified":"2026-04-12T02:47:47Z","type":"item","id":"Q935373","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Non-negative matrix factorization with fixed row and column sums"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5307046"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$8CF3E524-E531-4B93-A1DC-497D2C6865B8","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"bac05d0b86848dec3a7326e91a781def6c64452b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Non-negative matrix factorization with fixed row and column sums","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$21EB9A40-D5A3-4A87-88FB-85B8BB7CB1D8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"679e6746cfe14fee0eb2e1f082ed51c93edf6bce","datavalue":{"value":"1148.15010","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$02B287BA-4114-49E1-B47F-6B50CA79181C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"eb53313eeb2ed60a973e895c688e8600746a7535","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":812773,"id":"Q812773"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$FD1ECAF3-EF49-4E8C-9803-C20E26762CD3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1ae2bf353c8b229337e0a0d5b2e044f8558c5340","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":208837,"id":"Q208837"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$323E6961-0E0B-47E4-A614-05029FF98706","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8de031de05325b44570d0c47c3ec8813873d565c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":92813,"id":"Q92813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$1F690595-DBD4-4411-ACB8-EB48456DB7B9","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"450d2294b845f0f9561a47040d8b62e63dee0412","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-08-06T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$FC7602FA-419E-4F1D-B56C-6BE78ADAB5B5","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"34d6a220bcfc6f14d54bd40c1f2e6149df347735","datavalue":{"value":"Given a non-negative \\(m\\times n\\) matrix \\(A\\), find two non-negative matrices \\(U\\) (\\(m\\times k\\)) and \\(V\\) (\\(n \\times k\\)) with \\(k\\ll m, n\\) that minimize \\(F (A, U V^T)\\), where   \\[ F (A, U V^T)=D(A|| UV^T) :=\\sum_{ij}A_{ij} \\log\\frac{A_{ij}}{[UV^T]_{ij}} -A_{ij}+[UV^T]_{ij}. \\]   The problem \\(\\min_{U\\geq 0,V\\geq 0} ED(A||U V^T)\\), where \\(A\\geq 0\\), is called non-negative matrix factorization using the generalized Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. The authors show:  Let \\(A_{m\\times n}\\) be a non-negative matrix. Then every stationary point \\((U, V)\\) of the cost function \\(D(A||U V^T)\\) preserves the column sums of \\(A\\), the row sums of \\(A\\), and the matrix sum of \\(A\\). Every stationary point \\((U_{m\\times k}, V_{n\\times k})\\) of the KL minimization problem has the form \\(U V^T = P_{m\\times k} D_{k\\times k} Q_{n\\times k}^T\\), where \\(P, Q\\) are column stochastic, \\(D\\) is diagonal non-negative, and \\(\\sum_i D_{ii} = \\sum_{ij} A_{ij}\\). Furthermore, if \\(A\\) is column stochastic (or row stochastic), then the matrix \\(DQ^T\\) (or \\(P D\\)) is also column stochastic (or row stochastic).  The authors give an application in stochastic matrix approximation.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$FF5521DE-BE80-48DD-A7B8-60D19AB1F3DF","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"f68d42b7721128730c63ca7a7faa50a58869fe42","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":184494,"id":"Q184494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$181055BA-A389-42AE-A4F7-E2902FDEB217","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3a56ed6d195ea3539360546b34a91d2ad94c0346","datavalue":{"value":"15A23","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$CBCFA713-D73E-4CF1-938C-00BC81C673CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"379993e49d6b3bf4f928ea97a76d4470fec7f1af","datavalue":{"value":"15B48","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$E304A5FB-256C-40B5-A9F9-91CDDA848A31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2e0bbeefc3d633ef2a2ca36004dc27235255343f","datavalue":{"value":"15B51","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$3DF30ABD-4C46-405E-8AD2-CF6C9DCEDED4","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"72cd00f63818218e5df470de74977baa8ad7ad32","datavalue":{"value":"5307046","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$63003C3D-C287-473E-A0B9-90DFADF1B896","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3bb0f372418dbec05a3548390b4b6a242f8f2ec6","datavalue":{"value":"non-negative matrix factorization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$3155AA05-733F-4CB0-B03E-0AB8950C6A1B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3b6f95a9de93a3c393e100415504a2db23d162fe","datavalue":{"value":"generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$632AC5EC-DCBE-433A-B88A-9B471EF333DF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"42cb3bac6c92e6707980635bc28721b1997053b5","datavalue":{"value":"stochastic matrix approximation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$9B8A7E47-AEB5-4D2E-A914-8055179D1138","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"964357599762797f2c0f8a19416e68d1a210ebe7","datavalue":{"value":"row sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$A514EC00-E3C2-4CEF-A669-D686DD955FE9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d8899ad73fea90203e755ee0769c0345a472418f","datavalue":{"value":"column sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$C26CD0FB-6A8E-485C-A7F3-E46A72DE8F7C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$0B87AB09-59E1-4284-9C9E-37A18FB2DD9A","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"66d1f9b47867560f92c0df0de1d5a8f732f91f6e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.laa.2007.02.026","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$90FB5A80-F5A2-4623-8B25-9ACE1FA3F2EC","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"88eb1f250ad889c8ce29e14da1e9d58a552b4941","datavalue":{"value":"W2085937140","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$CB44B962-2815-4233-B63A-FBA72D71ADFA","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f77e50030146a51ab66109959ce825bfcd461dae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":703624,"id":"Q703624"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$2A6464C8-81A7-43B5-8776-CFC7A042491F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be3d5a10cc36e5ab42050374660c2e5f6653a084","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2494663,"id":"Q2494663"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$E74E69E9-E534-4C38-9E76-14C455CB5FD6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5d52df2154bfdd0f3ced81e7603ae5503222445b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5689624,"id":"Q5689624"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$F04AE3EA-9CC2-4325-84E5-89CEB8FEF47C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d1b1d8751fb6f2a05ae2e1282242317451ca4965","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5354400,"id":"Q5354400"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$1704983E-53D6-4B0C-B73A-1DC2198DE573","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0f6dda7bf70299230c013c6d4f5731031ae10cc4","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.LAA.2007.02.026","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q935373$37475204-BC26-4BBE-BAB7-A2128E092CDD","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"227db269bbfbabac31d862bd42b502372a2e8f55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5151804,"id":"Q5151804"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"baecb9c4833bde21a6f005bae6498db650f0f208","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8881721","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$A9E2CEA7-D862-448A-A7FF-692F3D1D581B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7953c0320519e2e3b44c70ccdd0118ca4591e082","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":580478,"id":"Q580478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d5fa8d91ae1ba1c38a871ff60df2136a628c163c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8800896","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$C4DB2810-3ED9-4795-A4CE-70EC4FE687F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4b205caedae6d6d50b507954429d058f83959b9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3093232,"id":"Q3093232"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57ba4e8851a22ebec167aa9f447454e5d15e0c8a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.875061","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$071373B1-B904-4ABE-89B7-612E9B5D07A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b99d5387744c2e3a23145c404a3987866abc5b19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":645896,"id":"Q645896"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"476722177ef47bbdb751194c44d85f840c5aa83b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8705419","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$4704E7F2-0D20-4A21-8FF9-DB29D970D8D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"708c241054645ffd1b483f3106ec96119af0d3ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4450704,"id":"Q4450704"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"772ad217dab61a3ad3b7b0428b7f30630cf285d8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8702659","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$E0E31F64-70D9-4AA8-A7CE-59EDBF666706","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6e1d7cae86d283a95607c6e847f69c9440aae1ee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2016300,"id":"Q2016300"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ffcd93d03c8bfb158f2612abf0019fda2c258709","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.86931205","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$D5ECE649-DB9D-48E1-820B-612721685C30","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e1aa18d848aaaaa1750b8171e2e81df16f136e4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2804995,"id":"Q2804995"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"00efa5c1f0213176db347da103497d8c92a54685","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8675624","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$70B218F6-3D56-4E64-8F08-27F92C057D62","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5d24094e4350c0e7295ee73b95e121de1a7afd9a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1025855,"id":"Q1025855"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c28a722f0b152b67d1da479f0cb38eab78241fe1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8669106","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q935373$7F037DC4-DADC-4B5D-BD13-841AD5EB6341","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Non-negative matrix factorization with fixed row and column sums","badges":[]}}}}}