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However, up to now, in the general case, no conditions on the coefficients of a polynomial \\(f\\) are known under which it is a sum of two squares. In this paper, the authors give such nonnegativity conditions for fourth degree polynomials on the axis.  The following theorem is proved: For real \\(b, c, d\\) such that \\(c\\neq 0\\), \\(d > 0\\), in order for a polynomial \\(P(x) = x^4 + bx^2 +cx+d\\) to be nonnegative on the whole axis \\((-\\infty,+\\infty)\\), it is necessary and sufficient that, for \\(b\\geq 0\\), the discriminant \\(D(P)\\geq 0\\), and, for \\(b < 0\\), that the two conditions \\(D(P)\\geq 0\\) and \\(d > b^2/4\\) hold.  Several related theorems are also 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