{"entities":{"Q953941":{"pageid":955789,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q953941","lastrevid":50489054,"modified":"2026-01-14T04:47:34Z","type":"item","id":"Q953941","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Minimal pencils on smooth surfaces in \\(\\mathbb{P}^{3}\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5363232"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$74959D92-27C6-4160-9980-A2A30CDDC7BD","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f90dd67ee3156d468e0f1017b09427184be26f2b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Minimal pencils on smooth surfaces in \\(\\mathbb{P}^{3}\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$051BF51A-7794-4E94-8D74-D190234A2290","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"0bf01597fe02c6c91c111c94342d4a0bf675e2dc","datavalue":{"value":"1155.14030","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$39788A47-E31E-4842-A941-9F902DED61CB","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1bdfaee33d4f09d6091dd2469986e6c72d90a964","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":317383,"id":"Q317383"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$26D52A5F-F8B2-4275-9242-11F76E5D98F5","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"903611b45fdefcb5db6a1d6c4d381fc130c82383","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":189326,"id":"Q189326"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$FADAF509-AB81-4CAB-846B-2F0410EED9C4","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e90cc1add01c937d3fdadca14fa11a9e3045b34e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-11-07T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$4CD8B336-3C33-45AD-A48A-11E9D4E7EC4C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"590272e2488f77730bf1a6ab97f57e353a3fd7ec","datavalue":{"value":"https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.ojm/1221656653","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$FEF1AD5A-B4F5-4EFA-A048-6C85AF089A7A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"add32f59b6654a826ec1cc99c33614358dc9198a","datavalue":{"value":"In this paper two numerical birational invariants for surfaces are introduced, the minimal genus and the minimal slope; both are a possible generalization to dimension 2 of the notion of gonality of a curve. The author studies in detail the behavior of these invariants in the case of smooth surfaces in \\(\\mathbb P^3\\).  Let \\(S\\) be a complex smooth projective surface and \\(\\Phi\\) a non-constant rational function on it. It is possible to associate in a canonical way to \\(\\Phi\\) a relatively minimal fibration \\(f\\colon X\\longrightarrow B\\), where \\(X\\) is a smooth surface birationally equivalent to \\(S\\) and \\(B\\) a smooth curve together with a finite morphism \\(\\tau\\colon B\\longrightarrow \\mathbb P^1\\) such that \\(\\Phi\\) is (birationally) identified with \\(f\\circ \\tau\\). Define the genus of \\(\\Phi\\) as the genus of the fibration \\(f\\), and the slope of \\(\\Phi\\) as the slope \\(K_f^2/\\chi_f\\) (when \\(f\\) is not a fibre bundle).  The minimal genus (resp. slope) of \\(S\\) is then the minimum \\(\\mu_g\\) (resp. \\(\\mu_s\\)) of the genus (resp. slope) as \\(\\Phi\\) moves in the rational function field of \\(S\\). These invariants are different -- although likely deeply connected -- from the degree of irrationality [see \\textit{T. T. Moh} and \\textit{W. Henzer}, J. Algebra 77, 62--73 (1982; Zbl 0533.14010) and \\textit{H. Yoshihara}, J. Algebra 167, 634--640 (1994; Zbl 0834.14019)] which is another natural generalization of the gonality to varieties of higher dimension.  In the case of surfaces of degree \\(d\\geq 2\\) in \\(\\mathbb P^3\\) the main results of the paper are the following lower bounds (see Theorems 2.1 and 3.1): (1) \\(\\mu_g(S)\\geq (n-2)(n-3)/2\\), (2) \\(\\mu_s(S)\\geq 6(n-4)/(n-3)\\). Moreover, the author proves that for \\(d\\geq 7\\) equalities in (1) and (2) are satisfied if and only if \\(S\\) contains a line. If \\(S\\) does not contain lines the values of \\(\\mu_g\\) and \\(\\mu_g\\) are computed. Note that these results has the same flavor of the one of \\textit{M. Namba} [Families of meromorphic functions on compact Riemann surfaces. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. 767. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag (1979; Zbl 0417.32008)] on the gonality of plane curves.  In the last part of the paper the author develops a study of the pencils with minimal invariants for surfaces of degree 5 and 6. In particular, he can exibit explicit equations for the surfaces containing such pencils and give a classification of the possible pencils.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$6674DA43-9CD3-4B78-A8C6-02A9F55B98ED","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ca467f058beb0e1432f9ddb67f074dc231947d8b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":267070,"id":"Q267070"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$D88C90C4-CC71-41C0-B480-4A1A305AFFAF","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4486b51257da258d49d7e2f4955ad3d9eeb30081","datavalue":{"value":"14J26","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$57A92435-CDF0-4700-8B03-8A4863EC8B9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d0b538472cf3226d49d53b7ba611898088705901","datavalue":{"value":"14D06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$CFAE4697-AF92-489D-B62A-41CBBE80B4ED","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ccb63d6f416293cd565061044116cd92c909c7c6","datavalue":{"value":"5363232","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$F1751CE7-9FF5-4606-8529-062AA562E102","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"751e37efbf8082f0fc895bdc4895d3880e1bb01f","datavalue":{"value":"fibration","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$D5340006-4BAC-45C4-9688-93C0F7E0042E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"82e10b106979077ac626034ec385c48041ecfb89","datavalue":{"value":"surfaces","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$C41658F9-8EA2-4EE5-A96F-9D69F78DEAC1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"52afe83261024511c268da21d511d9557b3e4d76","datavalue":{"value":"slope","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$C9DCF17C-4AF4-40FC-A915-F34842CFEBD2","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$A0EE32FB-5479-478D-A7E8-31D9CBEE261B","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a6e62e870e728071a9b788c6cd893f0ff917c000","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5662014,"id":"Q5662014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$1D63D105-4B26-49D3-8D8B-84EDC1A85E13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1fa90e276939c717ace0ff6e62479fb30794bb61","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3347989,"id":"Q3347989"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$7122C654-7A31-4DC5-86FA-C3CB606635E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0c73856169f540e525a1154d9b392364e61ea50c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1174403,"id":"Q1174403"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$A972D7A3-C181-4FDD-A763-9219E510B131","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"55317f2516e8c048537ec1206c3daa71efd318a9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1256015,"id":"Q1256015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$9706B997-F3D3-4742-A9D7-E12B2129C6CC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4b134ab885728bb6446bdd45882e3f446214bfd5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2277528,"id":"Q2277528"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$02E68439-0DFB-42D9-AFBE-5135A45CE106","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cfba8b45ff45ad999f27ac417f4b708cf73089f5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1073859,"id":"Q1073859"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$B9F02770-D411-480D-96EE-F88DBFE9B9AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ec5eda5e88dcad09bb7b6981032fe98392db66d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1147195,"id":"Q1147195"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$BDB71B5B-1B05-4F0F-87F5-6EF6D6C9E894","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"78ead8ef5beeb9941d5495336db3af4cc18fcf56","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346673,"id":"Q1346673"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$0C29A238-8411-46DB-B3D3-4FED6F5653E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3f627127cb653b59c46cf9fd2b92b338d905dd0a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2574363,"id":"Q2574363"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$78009313-33AB-4A63-B967-536FF6F3482C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5470f68f3110e395c7a69ba9197aa17a836cf51a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":789461,"id":"Q789461"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$14896E1F-3EBC-4E57-83FD-97135A8EE4CC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7591d427c27882ccd17c625704ef61621f6f5b3b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":755007,"id":"Q755007"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$D06ADA62-B3F8-4A68-8C9D-AC7209A6A9F0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"94595db8174a31d36b3d9d5fa03ad3e89d4883f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1066967,"id":"Q1066967"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$5E31217F-2093-4736-A462-8D8D87883C14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4455c8776c0ce73d17c952bbb36c62e7c09ee7ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3724476,"id":"Q3724476"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$5898FC52-0F41-4ABE-903B-E2A60A526B0A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fe2ef2902c422cef8b50ed416f0f533c5ffac5b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1078272,"id":"Q1078272"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$E21F6C6E-ED12-44BF-B7F8-067E41B0AB22","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cdb22c59a09571f863ea00da728232c92391337d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1333212,"id":"Q1333212"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q953941$6C14E843-5C29-4234-B9E1-E50424D5F96F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eb256be84d67f0a4dad342465a8763d34926e35c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2401624,"id":"Q2401624"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e1681c24d142a6428b97420ddb8995ca6aa182dd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8150978088378906","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q953941$C38B031C-BCF0-46BE-9C7C-E8AA8CE80F5C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9ad321d57848f8983737a1e0728a30389d37bc6b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2430582,"id":"Q2430582"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c474c5e4aa2294127d0dd12c7fb85290e28af172","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8042271733283997","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q953941$D102F2BE-6D98-4660-B3F5-87D9F6984A8D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"df0f8a38f84b908bbaae89e3b4248dd4ec1e4b01","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2176818,"id":"Q2176818"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"249c3733fc48e3e3e1c34254a67f7f6b3680a69d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7737346291542053","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q953941$5D7AEDCC-9C50-41EF-969F-9266560E81E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fb03472dbd61aadba690cca93a9b15b33abdd80c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4282758,"id":"Q4282758"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2c860c37913fdd0149f94bb3a918baec12c42910","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7721679210662842","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q953941$01BFDF4B-C245-4272-9AE3-C5BF5A89E60F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b23cfb64fd63b4d6a8af89eb42630db660daad86","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1191277,"id":"Q1191277"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f8d4f1dbe4410367d58ccd49e25c91103652c4a1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7702685594558716","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q953941$FDD9920C-6B45-470C-8418-B08EF00CDFD0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:953941","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:953941"}}}}}