{"entities":{"Q964050":{"pageid":965898,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q964050","lastrevid":56737848,"modified":"2026-03-19T13:42:33Z","type":"item","id":"Q964050","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Hopf bifurcation of a class of two coupled relaxation oscillators of the van der Pol type with delay"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5692923"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$B523C378-5671-4008-B28E-71DAC05CE8FD","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"60f6eb3586ad6c3c30977b8043832c4ddd188919","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Hopf bifurcation of a class of two coupled relaxation oscillators of the van der Pol type with delay","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$9AD059DC-008A-46E6-A0B4-53664DFE0848","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"6802118fbf6f2e89034d78fa149d42b56effbb34","datavalue":{"value":"1238.34135","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$44F4D6E1-D3DD-420B-A28B-89F4271F1F50","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"bd31192a5b7a8f2af9d924edc88b1f2f5373f94e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":283214,"id":"Q283214"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$B0730468-2127-4F7F-999B-7BEF06BCF466","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9ccce601b683b67541f9762d09df5e0878568a36","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166390,"id":"Q166390"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$ED838323-CDD4-4437-8A75-416BB2DE24DA","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6ee3f1793d7e5966290e09aa570323813f761866","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":187082,"id":"Q187082"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$2D38B91C-A99A-4580-A877-132614452FC7","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4f1f3c5f1227f28145a4ba8e4248ed28c6c84855","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2010-04-14T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$0C7E353C-9E4E-4781-A3A8-29119063B5F3","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e4559e2399bded21ff2997694d22f3e2fecdc7bd","datavalue":{"value":"We study the following system of two coupled relaxation oscillators of the van der Pol type with delay  \\[ \\begin{cases} \\varepsilon\\ddot x_1-(1-x^2_1)\\dot x_1+x_1=h_1(x_2(t-\\tau)-x_1(t-\\tau)),\\\\ \\varepsilon\\ddot x_2-(1-x^2_2)\\dot x_2+x_2=h_2(x_1(t-\\tau)-x_2(t-\\tau)),\\end{cases} \\]  where \\(h_1\\) and \\(h_2\\) are nonlinear functions. It is shown that this system can exhibit Hopf bifurcation as the time delay \\(\\tau\\) passes certain critical values. The distribution of the eigenvalues of the linearized system is studied thoroughly in terms of the parameter \\(\\varepsilon\\) and the linear parts of functions \\(h_1\\) and \\(h_2\\). The normal form theory for general retarded functional equations is applied to perform center manifold reduction and hence to obtain the explicit normal form Hopf bifurcation which can be used to determine the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions and and the direction of Hopf bifurcation. Examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$E828D073-84FC-42C9-96F1-7562F32E38C7","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"7e53786640a962176e9d0bea3688ff978e73b3e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":305014,"id":"Q305014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$BADD0DB1-813C-4091-8283-86E03FCBB217","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"edc02cda60f5f45dc74bb9bce91f9a1fac75bc52","datavalue":{"value":"34K18","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$B3EB2B30-F5B1-4049-9C03-3EDEE9294601","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48b0197730abe87f16bc4961bd697bf562e2f0b0","datavalue":{"value":"34K17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$76459A26-5834-4F98-A4FF-A0C4FE6A0172","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"62e40d715334a9d8ab400182d887f4fcbf7d129a","datavalue":{"value":"34K19","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$6B7B3459-89A5-4442-9427-E8A992F2883E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4fb4745c381472f4fc07815ff918b85c58d1df99","datavalue":{"value":"34K13","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$D86F4FF8-6940-482F-A7B2-75903EC92D43","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"974f7150fe76007bf1a6598b96826e2df3460b21","datavalue":{"value":"34K20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$D9F0C5FA-1FFA-43BB-8731-1D7B6F4CDB72","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"f8791db2e3b77132b4cd9c46f39cddce1620969b","datavalue":{"value":"5692923","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$AFDF70A5-A785-4D72-9EF3-CF034BCE704C","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4ab1b06a610d642fec260793a7f8da9f2c277d17","datavalue":{"value":"van der Pol oscillators","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$9AE9D02C-BEC5-4BCF-B392-8E8C94773D7D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"50bd05830da296fce3812ca72c6ecccef982661a","datavalue":{"value":"Hopf bifurcation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$2823B7AF-DF03-40E6-BBF3-1BDD2776EECC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2f5f9fa7c99fed84610c34025a6959701496fde6","datavalue":{"value":"normal form","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$1CD7FF03-2D71-453A-88E7-6B0D00FDD19E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"34b44e7b40021effdee26093512bde7058814281","datavalue":{"value":"stability","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$2C174247-1BBF-432C-866B-9F95958231AD","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$EEF5BFA9-BE83-41DD-8BA7-95508CA831E5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"5f783eff1c7ef4371521fd0003f7ec00e87863c9","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdsb.2010.13.503","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$70C6AE51-6061-44C3-97BD-416F2A77B22D","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"4a15909d4b6b02dd0438a6ef515fbb48290015b6","datavalue":{"value":"W2019261491","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$B2D1D398-B284-4E8E-93F8-6952B1FCA46B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"f616558fffb6b4e48be6211e40947e42c419e9fd","datavalue":{"value":"10.3934/DCDSB.2010.13.503","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$98D40BB8-7276-4FD9-AE09-8C5EF6DD111F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"42cba00afe4d36eb891d9686449b729013c43ea4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1957307,"id":"Q1957307"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c7d0ea3744e365338f85a70739201bfa869d7986","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8788018226623535","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q964050$0683CB19-493B-4BD4-A1FE-40B9C5B566AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ad709bfe06a28bdc9aeaf9a4d5efc74a74db7fa3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4968155,"id":"Q4968155"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0d29fe6db2ac4036c9c0b532ad218977fad07661","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8692895174026489","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q964050$D128B590-F97B-4653-9B8B-18BAD3799CD3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8b07d9eb71e1986c72f9bdc9de4ccb386068dc89","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":531630,"id":"Q531630"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0305c4039c5f0ea3c15b313efea70ab88f104e80","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8634957075119019","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q964050$7B715F1F-7839-4879-97D8-0CBA015967E3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2b8273464d47e897a0793720543ac6db7a7aab23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1781546,"id":"Q1781546"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b04181c2243ecb797469abde1ae55552b7ca36ab","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8619534969329834","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q964050$B3F80FAC-59F1-4D86-858E-16767F587B78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f7feabe597f7e64bac18779a23fbdb60edc0c4de","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":354965,"id":"Q354965"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7c34693244adc33f31a51c1792f0fe43c52d3a95","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8593162894248962","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q964050$E68A0253-75C3-46AD-9C74-0856AE022E2E","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q964050$F40375C4-5315-4475-9C63-7081CEA039DF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:964050","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:964050"}}}}}