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By work of Mazur and Messing, there is a functorial way to prolong the universal extension of \\(\\widehat{A}_K\\) by a vector group to a smooth and separated group scheme \\({\\mathcal E}(\\widehat{A})\\) over \\(R\\), called the \\textit{canonical extension} of \\(\\widehat{A}\\). In this paper the canonical extension is studied when \\(A_K=J_K\\) is the Jacobian of a smooth, proper and geometrically connected curve \\(X_K\\) over \\(K\\). Assuming that \\(X_K\\) admits a proper flat regular model \\(X\\) over \\(R\\) that has generically smooth closed fiber, the main result of the paper identifies the identity component of the canonical extension with a certain functor \\(\\text{Pic}_{X/R}^{\\natural,0}\\) classifying line bundles on \\(X\\) that have partial degree zero on all components of geometric fibres and are equipped with a regular connection. Namely, the main result is the following:  Theorem: Let \\(X\\) be a proper flat and normal model of \\(X_K\\) over \\(S=\\text{Spec}(R)\\). Suppose that the closed fibre of \\(X\\) is geometrically reduced and that either \\(X\\) is regular or that the residue field \\(k\\) of \\(R\\) is perfect. Then there is a canonical homomorphism of short exact sequences of smooth group schemes over \\(S\\) from \\[ 0\\longrightarrow\\omega_J\\longrightarrow{\\mathcal E}(\\widehat{J})^0\\longrightarrow\\widehat{J}^0\\longrightarrow0 \\] to \\[ 0\\longrightarrow f_*\\omega_{X/S}\\longrightarrow\\text{Pic}_{X/R}^{\\natural,0}\\longrightarrow\\text{Pic}_{X/R}^{0}\\longrightarrow0 \\] which is an isomorphism of exact sequences if and only if \\(X\\) has rational singularities.  Here, \\(\\widehat{J}\\) is the N\u00e9ron model of \\(\\widehat{J}_K\\) and \\(\\omega_{X/S}\\) is the relative dualizing sheaf of \\(X\\) over \\(S\\), and \\(f_*\\omega_{X/S}\\) is the vector group attached to this locally free \\({\\mathcal O}_S\\)-module, and \\(\\text{Pic}_{X/R}^{\\natural,0}\\) is the fppf-sheaf associated to the functor on \\(S\\)-schemes that assigns to each \\(S\\)-scheme \\(\\varphi:T\\to S\\) the set of isomorphism classes of pairs \\(({\\mathcal L},\\nabla)\\), where \\({\\mathcal L}\\) is a line bundle on \\(X_T\\) whose restriction to all components of each geometric fibre of \\(X_T\\) has degree zero and \\(\\nabla:{\\mathcal L}\\to{\\mathcal L}\\otimes\\varphi^*\\omega_{X/S}\\) is a regular connection on \\({\\mathcal L}\\) over \\(T\\) (this last concept, explained in the text, coincides with the familiar notion of connection if \\(f:X\\to S\\) is smooth).  The proof involves perfectness of Grothendieck's pairing on component groups (which holds true in the cases under discussion) and, as already indicated, a suitable modification of the traditional notion of connection on a line bundle to a possibly non smooth context.  As an application a very interesting comparison isomorphism is proved between two canonical integral structures on the de Rham cohomology of \\(X_K\\). The paper is very clearly 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