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The relation (1) also characterizes the discrete classical orthogonal polynomials (Hahn, Krawtchouk, Meixner) when the derivative is replaced by the forward difference operator \\(\\Delta f\\equiv f(x+1)-f(x)\\). In [\\textit{J. C. Medem, R. Alvarez-Nodarse} and \\textit{F. Marcellan}, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 135, No. 2, 157--196 (2001; Zbl 0991.33007)] the orthogonal polynomials (the \\(q\\)-Hahn class) are characterized by a structure relation obtained from (1) replacing the derivative by the \\(q\\)-difference operator \\(D_qf=\\frac{f(qx)-f(x)}{(q-1)x}\\), \\(q\\in \\mathbb C\\), \\(|q|\\neq0,1\\). In the present paper two new structure relations for the \\(q\\)-polynomials which belong to the \\(q\\)-Askey tableau and the lattice is \\(q\\)-quadratic \\(x(s)=c_1q^s+c_2q^{-s}+ c_3\\), with \\(c_1c_2\\neq0\\), being \\(q\\in\\mathbb C\\setminus(\\{0\\}\\cup (\\cup_{n\\geq1}\\{z\\in\\mathbb C:z^n=1\\}))\\). It is proved that the following relation characterizes the \\(q\\)-polynomials  \\[  Mp_{n}(x(s))=e_n\\frac{\\Delta p_{n+1}(s)}{\\Delta x(s)}+ f_n\\frac{\\Delta p_{n}(s)}{\\Delta x(s)}+ g_n\\frac{\\Delta p_{n-1}(s)}{\\Delta x(s)},\\quad n\\geq0,  \\]  where \\(Mf=\\frac12(f(x+1)-f(x))\\) is the forward arithmetic mean operator, \\((e_n)\\), \\((f_n)\\), and \\((g_n)\\) are sequences of complex numbers such that \\(e_n\\neq0\\) and \\(g_n\\neq c_n\\). A characterization theorem for classical orthogonal polynomials in a more general framework is given. The Rodrigues operator is defined and a unified expression for the linear differential (difference resp.) hypergeometric operators related to the classical families, and for their polynomial eigenfunctions are deduced. 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