{"entities":{"Q983423":{"pageid":985271,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q983423","lastrevid":65855334,"modified":"2026-04-12T05:49:59Z","type":"item","id":"Q983423","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Genus distribution of graphs under surgery: adding edges and splitting vertices"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5759888"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$290FC95F-870D-4981-B9E0-B0701CF6E848","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"11f54d423198f97269c030d62363bebbbbb936ce","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Genus distribution of graphs under surgery: adding edges and splitting vertices","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$1FB789BE-79D7-4787-BF61-8855604E5AF9","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"e13bcba87e6db9d9fd0c9d43108940a8475a8e1d","datavalue":{"value":"1198.05029","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$19825E93-9DDA-4487-AC51-113C6C4AE90D","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2525d755948a20417dbb85202072f6c12655662d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":276786,"id":"Q276786"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$44052702-FC7C-4773-9044-E7D8200286DE","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"67c80c0302a3afef383579ecf23bcd6250b145c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168484,"id":"Q168484"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$811626AC-0225-46A5-B3FD-1FB93C79A4D8","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"76596ec698b57b421d8f13c15c55f9f9f7de7c3a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2010-07-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$851D4AD1-AFD0-41EE-9236-8A04B3B88E7D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"fa2c1455de00374ba6af79a6404f482019f1af4e","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/230629","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$853C5A0F-60A7-424B-A0EA-9B621BB24CAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"2f92bfc4174543690f8207a13a6c8177bae5153f","datavalue":{"value":"http://www.emis.de/journals/NYJM/j/2010/16-9.html","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$75A835B8-3544-4FB4-B868-B94C4F6E5B35","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f916c93364b68454c33caa73a5ba76561da3cc70","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(g_k(G)\\) give the number of labeled 2-cell imbeddings of the connected graph \\(G\\) (which can have either loops or multiple edges) into the orientable surface \\(S_k\\). The sequence \\(gd(G)= \\{G_k\\}\\), as \\(k\\) ranges over the nonnegative integers, is called the genus distribution of \\(G\\). The author studies the derivation of genus distributions for graphs obtained by surgical operations on graphs with known genus distribution, focusing on the operation of adding an edge, and also the operation of splitting a vertex (the inverse of the latter operation is edge contraction). The main result is a splitting theorem:   Let \\(w\\) be a vertex of degree 4 in a graph \\(G\\), with \\(H_1\\), \\(H_2\\), and \\(H_3\\) the three graphs into which \\(G\\) can be split at \\(w\\) so that the two new vertices of each split have degree 3. Then \\(2gd(G)= gd(H_1)+ gd(H_2)+ gd(H_3)\\). For example, the wheel graph \\(W_4\\) splits at its central vertex into either \\(K_2\\times C_3\\) (two ways) or \\(K_{3,3}\\) (one way). It is known that \\(gd(K_2\\times C_3)= \\{2,38,24\\}\\) and that \\(gd(K_{3,3})=\\{0,40,24\\}\\); thus \\(gd(W_4)= (1/2)(2\\{2,38,24\\}+ \\{0, 40,24\\})\\{2,58,36\\}\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$E795AAE2-3199-4BF3-B707-F360595CB023","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"205b6d05d63e09819854956633396177079e7ebb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":591987,"id":"Q591987"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$51D25695-3AD5-4932-A615-AC36918757D4","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"357c7c34a1a90d83243f17011b7aa90788d1792d","datavalue":{"value":"05C10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$4E453A78-4A8C-48D0-A729-52EC7DAF2198","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"94c35a7b2b9faff0a294e63f891d4058f044fd68","datavalue":{"value":"5759888","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$C1519EDC-220E-4E51-9073-928404EFB9BE","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ddc14051a93e8c78a1da682d6f4184d91e9c6088","datavalue":{"value":"graph","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$DA3D4CD0-43A6-4DB6-A9AE-60E1730CB3B1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"336546441f34614a60b1efb1f795c30da520911b","datavalue":{"value":"genus distribution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$E3B766B3-086D-4D2A-AFC8-B1E8B5981B7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cd391b18ee2ce0adfda7d3008a4ca02aec5a8494","datavalue":{"value":"addition of edges","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$8EB47F73-6BD8-419F-B880-568569493B58","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5d257637a15766d8bbb7d8cf578edda7ffb50619","datavalue":{"value":"vertex splitting","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$9CD404A7-11E2-4DF5-A405-388EFD63EB55","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$E9EA7CCB-58D7-40AC-A58B-93DD4D230904","rank":"normal"}],"P1633":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1633","hash":"82596be7809a4bfffdc07a01852706d01ab08103","datavalue":{"value":"bafkreicukaxhu3esd4nzleoup5xqeq2iblebgocrzn5ej3y74hcgequkz4","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q983423$B3C1683F-5B39-46D8-9407-AB9544FA480C","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7a16037fa71bdc0709f87783ae2213d16130938f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5398502,"id":"Q5398502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9ad5d722a44684904ad6d2ff8a19d3f02ded6dda","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9795932","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$EEF5D98B-CAB6-471C-8421-3E7D09F45BFA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9bda6b6e25f925865854ea73dc860948c39bc6b4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3586201,"id":"Q3586201"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1ade58302cc212fa6371d39f7a599ca275174bcf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90241265","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$317D4291-3FBC-499F-B122-2711618AFD93","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3f25d4d358328cac274f0a0244ffbcaaf9e0c82b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2892014,"id":"Q2892014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c458d3ed2aa4cdb966b5de2e6c02e515b83d18e5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88818765","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$084203A0-B215-408D-99BB-2617679626C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e7fa6c1febc2ea72f8206d788ec9e6ec04f0a420","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1118607,"id":"Q1118607"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5ad349a5eba86749662771c9dc93b65380988f78","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8840805","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$C15D85B4-17B3-459B-B3B1-50C9806579BC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"76fd4217b57d4a296d1c2ce5c6cf6dbc9c106fcd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3414282,"id":"Q3414282"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dbd9e4a21bdf87042fb4c59cd37be5bdad231c53","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88399595","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$E0D01928-19B9-481B-B1D3-95369BD0D509","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dd565e8a58ecd4e982655dbf3718582188fd8493","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3094521,"id":"Q3094521"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3c61b8a6de27c68d0ea54b3f11f34b177357eec4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8735583","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$4E9833C1-5E8C-48D6-A4B8-B54FF06FF5FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"814a0ab9e51767e0c27c3d6f6b1b76f6c45c4f5d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1088997,"id":"Q1088997"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cdd0921cd092e5388239e73000ee013b84b8a0dd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87159425","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$2CE7E716-3DFE-4611-9851-38806B525F4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a3eff6039c741dcfcaa880b11c38d7805512856e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3085020,"id":"Q3085020"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"771244ed3f2c8f544d20019a21b95cb04c2530ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87137115","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$AF408B01-ECAD-4DBE-B30D-D65CE04D0140","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fafd369447bf88f66fcede4bb9fa850a7b2d56cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3090462,"id":"Q3090462"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b70802b0177f2273ffc302aa87f242ff48bd26ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8711913","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$58641AD8-9C39-4F70-8B17-9BC4A7C0B2A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ba2ca89fa819ac28f6f50b741397915ae881cc09","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3030846,"id":"Q3030846"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"713b381d84d239026c0613f7e2503620a81b17d0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8669921","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q983423$0B77F928-B767-4D6F-8BDF-7D585767C1CF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Genus distribution of graphs under surgery: adding edges and splitting vertices","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Genus_distribution_of_graphs_under_surgery:_adding_edges_and_splitting_vertices"}}}}}