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Many authors have contributed to this circle of ideas, culminating in a beautiful refinement due to Baez-Duarte. The purpose of this little survey is to dis-entangle the resulting web of complications, and reveal the essential simplicity of the main results.''  So the author formulates (and reproves) many statements [expressed in the language of functional analysis] equivalent to the truth of the Riemann hypothesis (and so elucidating work of [\\textit{B. Nyman}, On the one-dimensional translation group and semi-group in certain function spaces. (Diss.) Uppsala: Appelbergs Boktryckeri AB, 55 p. (1950; Zbl 0037.35401), \\textit{A. Beur\\-ling}, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 41, 312--314 (1955; Zbl 0065.30303), and \\textit{L. Baez-Duarte}, Atti Acad. Naz. Lincei 14, 5--11 (2003; Zbl 1097.11041)]).   Denote by \\(\\mathcal H\\) the Hilbert space of sequences \\(a= \\{a_n\\in\\mathbb C\\); \\(n=1,2,\\dots\\}\\) with inner product \\(\\langle a,b\\rangle= \\sum_1^\\infty \\frac1{n(n+1)} \\cdot a_n \\overline{b_n}\\). The Hardy space \\(H^2(\\Omega)\\), where \\(\\Omega\\) is the open half-plane \\(\\sigma > \\frac12\\), is the Hilbert space of all holomorphic functions \\(F\\) on \\(\\Omega\\) with norm   \\[  \\| F\\|^2 = \\sup_{\\sigma > \\frac12}\\; \\frac1{2\\pi} \\int_{-\\infty}^\\infty |F(\\sigma + it)|^2 \\,dt < \\infty. \\]   The functions \\(E(s) = \\frac1s\\), \\(F_\\lambda(s) = (\\lambda^s- \\lambda) \\cdot \\frac{\\zeta(s)}s\\) (where \\(0\\leq\\lambda \\leq 1)\\), and \\(G_\\ell= F_{1/\\ell}\\), \\(\\ell= 1,2,\\dots\\), are in \\(H^2(\\Omega)\\). The functions \\(f_\\lambda(x)= \\{ \\frac{\\lambda}x\\}- \\lambda \\{ \\frac1x\\}\\), \\(x\\in (0,1]\\), and the constant function \\textbf{1} are in the Hilbert-space \\(L^2((0,1])\\) (note: \\(\\{\\frac \\lambda x\\}\\) is the fractional part of \\(\\frac \\lambda x\\)); the same is true for the functions \\(g_\\ell(x)= \\{\\frac1{\\ell x}\\}- \\frac1\\ell \\{\\frac1x\\}\\), \\(0<x\\leq 1\\), \\(\\ell\\in\\mathbb N\\). The functions \\(g_\\ell= f_{1/\\ell}\\) are in the closed subspace \\(\\mathcal M \\subset L^2((0,1])\\) of all functions constant (a.e.) on each of the subintervals \\((\\frac1{n+1}, \\frac1n]\\), \\(n\\in \\mathbb N\\).  Then the following statements are equivalent:  (1) The Riemann hypothesis for \\(\\zeta(s)\\).   (2) In \\(\\mathcal H\\) the vector \\(\\gamma= \\{1,1,1,\\dots\\}\\) belongs to the closed linear span of \\(\\{\\gamma_\\ell\\); \\(\\ell=1,2,\\dots\\}\\), where \\(\\gamma_\\ell= \\{\\{\\frac1\\ell\\}, \\{\\frac2\\ell\\}, \\dots \\}\\).   (3) \\(\\{\\gamma_\\ell\\); \\(\\ell\\in\\mathbb N\\}\\) is complete in \\(\\mathcal H\\).   (4) \\(E\\) is in the closed linear span of \\(\\{ G_\\ell\\); \\(\\ell = 1,2,\\dots\\}\\).  (5) \\(E\\) is in the closed linear span of \\(\\{F_\\lambda\\); \\(0 \\leq \\lambda \\leq 1\\}\\).   (6) In \\(L^2((0,1])\\), the constant function \\textbf{1} is in the closed linear span of \\(\\{ f_\\lambda\\); \\(= 0\\leq \\lambda \\leq 1\\}\\).   (7) The set \\(\\{ f_\\lambda\\); \\(0\\leq \\lambda \\leq 1\\}\\) is complete in \\(L^2((0,1])\\).  (8) \\textbf{1} is in the closed linear span of \\(\\{g_\\ell\\); \\(\\ell =1,2,\\dots\\}\\).  (9) \\(\\{g_\\ell\\); \\(\\ell =1,2,\\dots\\}\\) is a complete set in \\(\\mathcal 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